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CHICAGO,  ROCK  ISLAND  &  PACIFIC  RY. 

RUNS  THROUGH  CARS   BETWEEN 

Chicago i^^'' Colorado  Foot- Hill  Cities. 


SOLID  VESTIBULED  TRAINS 


DINING  CARS  •  CHAIR  CARS 


FAST  TIME 


TRAIN  HEATED  BY  STEAM 


SLEEPERS  LIGHTED  BY  GAS 


BUY  TICKETS  AT- 


Van  Buren  St.  Depot,  or  104  Clark  St.,  Ghlcaoo 

Pullman  Tourist  Sleeper  Through  to  San  Francisco 

leaves  Chicago  via  the  Rock  Island  Route  every  Wednesday 

evening  at  6.00  o'clock. 


E.ST.  JOHN,  W.I.ALLEN,  JNO.  SEBASTIAN, 

General  Manxger.  Ass't  Gen'l  Manager.  Gen'l  Ticket  and  Pass'r  Agent. 

General  Offices,  Chicago. 


SCENIC    AND    SANITARY.^ 

'or 


C0L0RAl5@i  %%^ 

Cities  and  PLAC&sf'^- 


GLENWOOD  SPRINGS,                  CASCADE,  MANITOU, 

GREEN    MOUNTAIN    FALLS,        DENVER,  BUENA  VISTA, 

COLORADO   SPRINGS,                   PUEBLO,  ESTES   PARK 
IDAHO  SPRINGS. 


PEAKS.  PARKS,  CANONS  AND  MOUNTAIN  RESORTS. 


ILLUSTRATED    AND    BRIEFLY  DESCRIBED    FOR  THE    INFORMATION    OF  HEALTH    AND 

PLEASURE  SEEKERS  WHO  PROPOSE  TO  VISIT  COLORADO  DURING  THE 

SUMMER  AND  FALL  SEASONS  OF  I890. 


A  COPY  OF  THIS  PAMPHLET  WILL  BE  SENT  TO  ANY  APPLICANT  ON  RECEIPT  OF  FOUR  CENTS  IN  STAMPS 

FOR  POSTAGE.      ADDRESS,  JOHN  SEBASTIAN,  GENERAL  TICKET  AND  PASSENGER  AGENT, 

CHICAGO,  ROCK  ISLAND  AND  PACIFIC  RAILWAY,  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


TO  THE  TOURIST  AND  TRAVELING  PUBLIC. 


For  Tickets,  Maps,  Time  Tables,  Folders,  Copies  of  the  Western  Trail  (an  illustrated 
paper,  published  monthly),  or  information  in  regard  to  Rates,  Routes  and  Connec- 
tions, apply  in  person  or  by  letter  to  any  of  the  following  representatives  of  the 
Ticket  and  Passenger  Department  of 

THE  CHICAGO,  ROCK  ISLAND  R  PACIFIC  RAILWAY: 

S.  F.  BOYD,  Assistant  General  Ticket  and  Passenger  Agent,  Topeka,  Kan. 

G.  L.  RHODES,  Assistant  General  Passenger  Agent,  Chicago,  III. 

G.  W.  DUBACK,  Chief  Clerk,  Chicago,  III. 

A.  B.  FARNSWORTH,  General  Eastern  Passenger  Agent,  257  Broadway,  New  York  City. 

D.  J.  FLYNN,  Traveling  Passenger  Agent,  257  Broadway,  New  York  City. 

W.  J.  LEAHY,  Traveling  Agent  New  York  State,  40  Exchange  Street,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

E.  W.  THOMPSON,  New  England  Passenger  Agent,  296  Washington  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

E.  E.  MacLeod,  Traveling  Passenger  Agent,  296  Washington  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

I.  L.  LOOMIS,  Passenger  Agent,  Middle  District,  111  South  Ninth  Street.  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

H.  S.  PHILPS,  Traveling  Passenger  Agent  for  Ontario,  Quebec  and  the  Maritime  Provinces,  154  St.  James 
Street,  Montreal,  P.  Q. 

M.  P.  WASHBURN,  Northeastern  Passenger  Agent,  corner  Larned  and  Griswold  Streets,  Detroit,  Mich. 

G.  D.  BACON,  General  Agent  Passenger  Department,  106  North  Fourth  Street,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce  Building,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

H.  P.  MANTZ,  Traveling  Passenger  Agent,  Louisville,  Ky. 

U.  S.  G.  HOUGH,  Traveling  Passenger  Agent,  106  North  Fourth  Street,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

F.  D.  LYON,  City  Passenger  Agent,  106  North  Fourth  Street,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
GEORGE  F.  LEE,  City  Passenger  Agent,  104  Clark  Street,  Chicago,  III. 
JOSEPH  A.  SHEPPARD,  Southeastern  Passenger  Agent,  Chicago,  III. 

T.  J.  CLARJC,  Traveling  Agent,  Chicago,  III. 

J.  W.  FRY,  Northwestern  Passenger  Agent,  Chicago,  III. 

W.  I.  CHEEVER,  Passenger  Agent,  Central  District,  Peoria,  III. 

WM.  RICKEY,  Passenger  Agent,  Davenport,  Iowa. 

J.  L.  DE  BE  VOISE,  General  Agent  Passenger  Department,  1305  Farnam  Street,  Omaha.  Neb.,  and  507 

Broadway,  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa. 
K.  E.  PALMER,  Traveling  Agent,  1305  Farnam  Street,  Omaha,  Neb. 
C.  A.  RUTHERFORD,  City  Passenger  Agent,  Lincoln,  Neb. 
A.  H.  MOFFET,  General  Southwestern  Passenger  Agent,  532  Main  Street,  and  1042  Union  Avenue,  Kansas 

City,  Mo. 
C.  B.  SLOAT,  Traveling  Passenger  Agent  for  the  Southwest,  532  Main  Street,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 
GEO.  L.  REPPERT,  Traveling  Passenger  Agent,  St.  Joseph,  Mo. 
T.  J.  ANDERSON,  General  Agent,  City  Office,  Topeka,  Kan. 
S.  M.  CHARLES,  Traveling  Passenger  Agent,  Topeka,  Kan. 

W.  H.  FIRTH,  General  Agent,  Passenger  Department,  1664  Lawrence  Street,  Denver,  Colo. 
CLINTON  JONES,  General  Agent,  36  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
J.  F.  FUGAZI,  Italian  Passenger  Agent,  5  Montgomery  Avenue,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
F.  W.  THOMPSON,  Traveling  Passenger  Agent,  138  South  Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
CHAS.  KENNEDY,  General  Agent,  Rock  Island  and  Albert  Lea  Routes.  83  First  Street,  Portland,  Ore. 
ROB'T  KEPPLER,  Traveling  Passenger  Agent,  83  First  Street,  Portland,  Ore. 
J.  D.  MARSTON,  General  Baggage  Agent,  Chicago,  III. 


E.  St.  JOHN,  W.  I.  ALLEN,  JOHN  SEBASTIAN, 

General  Manager.  Ass't  Gen'l  Manager.  Gen'l  Ticket  and  Pass'r  Agent. 


/  / 


lioiih  '3' 

COLORADO  CitlES  AND  PLACES.  O  V" 


Where  to  Go  and  How  to  Get  There.     "^'" 


WHEN  the  rigors  of  winter  soften  at  the  breath  of  spring,  and  the  lengthening 
days  begin  to  glow  with  heat  as  mid-summer  approaches,  the  thought  upper- 
most in  the  minds  of  a  majority  of  people  is  "  where  to  go  "  and  "  how  to  get 
there."  The  invalid  eagerly  scans  the  list  of  sanitary  resorts  which  flaunt  their  allure- 
ments in  every  part  of  the  world.  The  business  man,  worn  and  weary  under  an  ever- 
accumulating  load  of  anxieties  and  cares,  suddenly  realizes  that  a  few  weeks  or  months 
of  healthful  recreation  are  absolutely  essential  to  the  restoration  of  his  mental  and 
bodily  vigor.  The  sportsman  longs  for 
the  "forest  primeval"  that  shelters  noble 
game,  or  cool  lakes  and  streams  that 
flash  with  speckled  trout.  The  artist 
turns  with  disgust  from  his  smoke-be- 
grimed studio  and  points  his  pencils 
for  open-air  sketches  of  scenes  that  will 
impart  fresh  vitality  and  freedom  to  his 
tpuch  and  inspire  his  soul  with  loftier 
conceptions  of  the  beauty  and  grandeur 
of  nature.  Even  the  Crcesus  of  the 
bank,  and  stock  exchange,  feels  irre- 
sistibly drawn  in  the  direction  of  some 
locality  that  will  afford  him  the  largest 
measure  of  return  for  the  means  he  is 
willing  to  scatter  with  a  lavish  hand. 
Once  a  year,  at  least,  men  and  women  of 
every  class  and  condition  are  forcibly 
reminded  that  the  monotony  of  daily 
toil  or  the  merciless  exactions  of  fashionable  and  social  life  must  be  interrupted  by  a 
season  of  welcome  rest,  including  a  hygienic  change  of  diet,  water,  soil  and  climate, 
under  favoring  circumstances  and  amid  congenial  surroundings,  before  the  health  and 
capacity  for  enjoyment  are  irretrievably  wrecked. 

"  Where  to  go  "  becomes  then  an  inquiry  of  supreme  importance.  For  successive 
scores  of  years,  votaries  of  fashion  in  Eastern  cities  have  flocked  to  Saratoga,  or  sought 
their  "cottages  by  the  sea"  at  Long  Branch  or  Newport.  But  even  this  class  of  wealthy 
patrons  have  tired  of  the  daily  meretricious  display  of  dress  and  equipage.  In  a  listless, 
apathetic  way  they  note  the  moving  figures  at  the  nightly  reception  and  crowded  ball- 
room. Attempts  at  gayety  in  the  stifling  atmosphere  of  a  huge  hotel  are  melancholy 
failures  at  best,  while  the  glittering,  barren  dunes,  and  sombre  quiescence  of  the  sea 
become  inexpressibly  wearisome  to  the  eye  that  can  gaze  upon  nothing  else.  It  is  not 
surprising,  then,  that  the  movement  of  summer  travel  has  within  the  past  few  years  taken 
a  most  decided  westerly  direction,  and  that  its  chief  objective  has  been  that  middle 
section  of  the  continent  fitly  termed  the  "  Switzerland  of  America."  Where  else  can  be 
found  brighter  sunshine,  an  atmosphere  so  dry,  pure  and  exhilarating,  peaks  so  lofty, 
canons  so  grand,  torrents  so  tremendous,  lakes  so  clear  and  placid,  intra-mural  grass- 


»  ^1  /wi  in  J.   I  -i  I'  >i  J  1/1 A 11     ;  i;  I 

COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


grown  parks  so  vast,  cascades  so  beautiful,  cliffs  so  stupendous,  landscapes  so  lovely, 
climate  so  genial,  scenery  so  awe-inspiring  and  magnificent,  and  mineral  springs  (hot, 
cold  and  saline)  so  varied  in  kind,-so  copious  in  volume  and  so  efficacious  in  medicinal 
and  tonic  properties  ? 

Such  extraordinary  inducements  to  invalids  and  visitors  of  every  class  are  made 
doubly  attractive  by  reason  of  their  accessibility  in  luxuriously  furnished  railway 
carriages  (involving  no  hazard  to  life  or  limb),  and  the  very  superior  hotel,  livery,  fishing 
and  other  accommodations  provided  at  all  the  noteworthy  places  of  resort  for  the  enter- 
tainment of  guests  — at  prices  incomparably  more  reasonable  than  are  charged  at 
fashionable  Eastern  spas.  Another  advantage  is  the  splendid  triune  vestibule  cities 
aligned  at  convenient  distances  north  and  south  along  the  mountain  range,  which  afford 
visitors  an  opportunity  for  a  few  days  preliminary  rest  and  a  satisfactory  arrangement 
of  plans  of  departure  for  ulterior  destinations.  These  cities  are  metropolitan  in  character 
and  represent  to  an  equal  extent  the  civilization,  enterprise,  wealth,  prosperity  and 
refinement  of  the  more  populous  centers  of  older  States.  Modern-built,  superbly 
equipped  railways  radiate  from  them  to  any  locality  the  traveler  wishes  to  reach,  and  all 
depart  from  and  arrive  in  commodious  union  depots.  A  journey  in  their  trains  up  and 
through  grand  canons  to  higher  altitudes  in  the  heart  of  the  Rockies,  constitutes  in 
itself  a  never-to-be-forgotten  experience  of  astonishment  and  delight. 

"  Where  to  go "  is  a  question  fully  answered  by  the  foregoing  brief  statement. 
Colorado,  it  is  obvious  (and  this  is  being  more  generally  acknowledged  every  year)^ 
possesses  more  attractions  in  infinitely  greater  variety  and  better  suited  to  the  wants  of 
the  many,  from  the  invalid  in  humble-  circumstances  to  the  plutocrat  with  more  money 
than  he  knows  how  to  get  rid  of,  than  any  other  section  of  country  on  the  face  of  the 
globe.  It  is  a  State  whose  resources  of  entertainment  are  not  limited  to  any  one  favored 
spot.  "  No  pent-up  Saratoga  contracts  its  powers."  Instead  of  one,  two,  or  a  dozen,  it 
has  hundreds  of  places  where  the  temporary  sojourner  and  his  family  or  friends  can 
find  more  genuine  comfort  and  healthful  enjoyment  than  ever  before  dreamed  of. 
"  It  is  God's  country  ''par  excellence,  just  what  those  who  have  lived  there  longest,  claim 
it  to  be.  Nor  is  it  at  all  cramped  for  room.  There  are  necessarily  no  crowded  caravan- 
saries. Its  vast  area  affords  ample  scope  and  opportunity  for  hundreds  of  thousands  of 
people,  although  each  and  all  sought  a  seclusion  impregnable  to  unwelcome  visitors, 
and  would  yet  enjoy  the  benefits  to  be  derived  from  its  medicinal  springs,  its  numberless 
natural  game-preserves,  its  fishing  facilities,  its  sublime  scenery,  and  the  open-air 
exercise  and  amusement  it  invites.  For  such  and  similar  reasons  it  is  therefore  not  at 
all  strange  that  where  a  few  years  ago  meagre  scores  and  straggling  handfulls  of  tourists 
(impelled  more  by  curiosity  than  any  other  motive)  made  Colorado  the  Mecca  of  their 
summer  saunterings;  now  thousands  and  tens  of  thousands  go  there  as  regularly  as  the 
year  rolls  around,  with  not  only  a  clearly  defined  understanding  of  where  they  are  going, 
but  an  unshakable  conviction  that  whatever  portion  of  the  State  they  visit,  it  will  be 
impossible  that  they  can  have  anything  else  than  a  "  good  time." 

Having  thus  suggested,  as  we  trust,  a  satisfactory  answer  to  the  question  "where 
to  go,"  the  problem  of  "  how  to  get  there  "  from  Chicago  and  points  East  is  fully  set 
forth  on  the  third  (inside)  page  of  the  cover  of  this  pamphlet,  to  which  we  respectfully 
solicit  the  reader's  attention.  For  his  further  information  and  that  of  his  friends  and 
the  public,  we  present,  in  the  briefest  possible  terms,  a  few  leading  facts  of  interest  (with 
illustrations)  relating  to  the  principal  cities  of  Colorado  and  some  of  its  most  noteworthy 
places  of  resort. 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


THE  CAPITAL  AND  CHIEF  METROPOLIS. 

Denver,  with  its  population  of  110,000  inhabitants,  is  the  largest  and  wealthiest  city 
in  Colorado.  Its  altitude  is  5,195  feet  above  sea  level.  The  magnitude  of  its  business 
operations,  the  prominent  position  it  holds  as  a  manufacturing  centre,  the  many  and 
varied  industries  it  represents  and  the  heavy  aggregate  of  capital  it  controls,  have  given 
it  a  financial  and  commercial  supremacy  that  is  recognized  by  all  interests  and  classes 


THE     STATE  CAPITOL"  AT  DENVER,  A  MAGNIFICENT  PUBLIC  EDIFICE. 

throughout  the  State.  Occasional  local  jealousies  come  to  inflammatory  head  here  and 
there,  and  the  spirit  of  competition  among  would-be  rivals  (a  healthful  incident  of 
growth  everywhere)  finds  vent  now  and  then  in  rude  raillery  or  good-natured  abuse. 
But  Denver  has  unquestionably  gained  a  lead  that  cannot  be  overcome,  and  this  is 
largely  due  to  its  railway  facilities,  which  are  increasing  year  by  year  to  an  extent  corre- 
sponding to  its  growing  needs.     It  now  has  seventeen  railways,  including  trunk  and 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


local  lines.  Among  the  former  is  The  Chicago,  Rock  Island  &  Pacific,  whose  policy,  from 
the  date  of  its  completion,  of  moderate  rates,  efficient  service  and  courteous  attention 
to  the  wants  of  its  patrons,  has  won  to  an  unprecedented  degree  the  favoring  regard  and 
loyal  support  of  the  people  of  Colorado.  The  agricultural  development  of  Colorado, 
of  which  Denver  is  the  chief  market  and  shipping  point,  also  constitutes  an  important 
aid  and  stimulus  to  its  prosperity.  Under  a  genial  climate  and  scientific  appliances  of 
irrigation,  the  soil  is  so  wonderfully  productive  that  farming,  it  is  thought,  will  in  time 
take  the  place  of  mining,  as  the  foremost  industry  of  the  State. 

The  city  of  Denver  is  metropolitan  in  all  its  aspects.     Its  massive  business  blocks, 
its  noble  public  edifices,  its  universities  and  splendid  school  structures,  its  admirable 


STREET  SCENE— FOURTEENTH  STREET,  LOOKING  WEST,  IN  THE  CITY  OF  DENVER. 
hotels  and  elegant  private  residences,  its  superb  Opera  House,  Court  House,  Capitol  and 
scores  of  other  noteworthy  buildings  are  indicative  of  wealth,  refinement,  intelligence, 
good  taste  and  good  government.  The  mountain  view  it  commands,  extending  from 
Long's  Peak  on  the  north  to  Pike's  Peak  on  the  south,  is  magnificent.  It  is  a  remark- 
ably healthful  as  well  as  beautiful  city.  Its  drainage  down  a  gradual  natural  slope  into 
the  swift  waters  of  the  Platte  is  thorough.  Its  sewerage  is  perfect.  Its  wide  streets  and 
avenues  are  shaded  by  trees,  while  living  streams  of  pure  water  course  down  them  on 
either  side.  Its  lawns,  and  private  as  well  as  public  grounds,  are  bright  with  the  foliage 
of  shrubs,  ornamental  plants,  and  flowers  of  variegated  and  vivid  colors.  Besides  the 
Holly  distribution  of  water  from  mountain  sources  through  mains  and  pipes  to  every 
household,  the  broad  and  deep  volume  flowing  through  the  Arapahoe  Canal  furnishes  a 
profuse  and  inexhaustible  supply  for  general  watering  purposes,  while  hundreds  of  arte- 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


sian  wells,  in  every  part  of  the  city,  spout  forth  copious  streams  of  deliciously  cool  and 
palatable  mineral  water,  possessing  tonic  and  diuretic  properties,  whose  benefits  are  not 
limited  to  the  favored  few,  but  in  many  instances  are  free  for  the  use  and  enjoyment 
of  all.  The  air  is  dry,  pure  and  exhilarating,  the  sunlight  constant  and  of  vitalizing 
warmth  —  hardly  ten  days  of  cloudy  weather  the  year  round.  Of  course  the  city  has  all 
"  the  modern  improvements  "  of  gas,  electric  lights,  parks,  boulevards,  street  railways, 
a  paid  fire  department,  cable  lines,  and  is  also  blessed  with  religious,  educational  and 
social  advantages  and  privileges  nowhere  excelled.     It  is  a  charming  city  to  visit  and 


THE  ELEGANT  AND  COMMODIOUS  UNION  RAILWAY  STATION  AT  DENVER. 

spend  a  few  weeks  or  months,  and  those  who  have  once  become  residents  are  seldom  if 
ever  tempted  to  leave  for  another  locality,  no  matter  how  lavish  or  powerful  the  induce- 
ments. The  older  the  citizen  the  more  enthusiastic  his  love,  the  more  ardent  his 
appreciation,  the  more  unwavering  his  fidelity,  the  more  pronounced  his  devotion. 

The  compilation  or  publication  of  statistics  is  foreign  to  the  purpose  of  this  issue, 
but  it  may  be  well  to  supplement  the  above  facts  with  a  few  corroborative  figures.  The 
public  buildings  of  Denver,  exclusive  of  churches  and  schools,  were  erected  at  a  cost  of 
$4,000,000.  The  city  owns  real  estate  valued  at  $2,000,000.  Its  bonded  debt  is  only 
$400,000;  its  assessed  valuation,  $37,500,000;  and  its  commercial  transactions  represent  a 
total  of  $100,000,000  yearly, 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


CLIMATIC   INFLUENCES  AND   CONDITIONS. 

There  is  no  place  on  earth  probably  where  there  is  so  much  bright,  glorious  sun- 
light the  year  round  as  in  Colorado.  Its  kindly  warmth  does  not  enervate,  but  rather 
imparts  strength  to  the  system  and  tones  up  the  delicate  nerves  and  flaccid  muscles. 
Some  days  in  summer  it  is  decidedly  "hot,"  but  this  causes  no  lassitude,  and  among 
outdoor  workingmen,  however  much  exposed,  a  case  of  sunstroke  has  never  been  known. 
In  the  coldest  days  of  winter,  comparatively  no  discomfort  is  experienced,  and  human 
energies  are  rather  stimulated  than  depressed  by  frigid  weather. 

The  fact  that  extremes  of  cold  or  heat  are  not  felt  here  as  elsewhere,  is  chiefly  due 
to  the  unusual  dryness  of  the  air.  In  Florida  and  the  South  an  equable  warmth  pre- 
vails, but  attended  by  a  great  deal  of  moisture  in  which  the  germs  of  malaria  are  con- 
served, ready  to  leap  into  malignant  growth  at  the  first  opportune  moment.  In  the 
boasted  climate  of  Southern  California  there  are  no  healthful  changes  of  season,  no 
snowfall,  no  bright  winter  days  (more  enjoyable  even  than  those  of  summer  in 
Colorado),  but,  instead,  long  intervals  of  mist  and  drizzling  rain,  and  a  chillness  of  nights 
that  penetrates  to  the  marrow  of  the  bones.  There  is  more  of  the  vitalizing  principle  of 
ozone  in  the  atmosphere  of  Colorado  than  in  that  of  any  other  country  in  the  same 
latitude.  Invalids,  asthmatics,  and  those  having  weak  lungs  (who  have  not  reached  the 
hopeless  stage  of  phthisis)  breathe  freely  and  grow  better,  and  the  majority  recover  in 
the  genial  air  and  bright  sunshine  of  Colorado — those  at  least  who  adopt  the  right 
regimen,  assimilate  nutritious  food  and  indulge  in  plentiful  outdoor  exercise.  This  is 
the  experience  of  hundreds  who  went  out  to  Colorado,  anxious,  care-worn  and 
apprehensive,  and  became  permanent  residents  because  they  could  not  live  and  enjoy 
life  so  well  anywhere  else. 

From  the  meteorological  record  of  temperature,  taken  at  Denver,  compiled  (with 
yearly  averages)  from  sixteen  years  signal  service  observations,  it  is  ascertained  that 
the  number  of  days  on  which  the  sun  shines  in  Denver  is  twenty-nine  in  each  month. 
From  local  observations  by  a  resident  in  that  city,  we  learn  that  during  a  recent  period 
of  fifteen  months  the  sun  was  not  obscured  one  entire  day.  The  custom  is  too  prevalent 
among  invalids  to  postpone  until  the  heated  term  their  visits  to  places  where  strength 
can  be  gained  and  health  recruited.  Dr.  Chas.  Denison,  of  Denver,  a  prominent 
medical  authority,  discussing  the  comparative  importance  of  climatic  attributes  in  the 
arrest  of  chronic  pulmonary  disease,  affirms  that  "  the  preferable  climate  in  most  cases 
is  in  the  dry,  cool,  rarefied,  sunny,  clear  and  pure,  though  variable,  atmosphere  of  a 
well-chosen,  high  altitude."  Dr.  Fremy,  a  distinguished  physician  of  Nice,  who  has 
made  this  disease  the  special  study  of  a  life-time,  concurs  in  this  opinion.  In  a  recent 
interview,  he  said:  "I  find  that  places  where"  consumption,  as  treated  in  Switzerland, 
especially  in  valleys — that  is  to  say  in  conditions  of  insolation  and  where  the  winds 
blow  like  a  draught — are  less  favorable  than  high  plateaux  fully  ventilated  and  receiv- 
ing the  full  amount  of  sun,  as  in  Colorado."  As  mountain  resorts,  even  such  cities  as 
Leadville  (10,000  feet  above  sea  level)  are  not  without  their  climatic  advantages.  Dr. 
J.  J.  Crook,  a  resident  physician,  states  that  "  during  a  practice  of  more  than  twelve 
years,  he  has  never  known  a  single  case  of  consumption  that  has  originated  in  that 
locality."  He  says,  however:  "  It  is  best  for  consumptives  coming  to  Colorado  to  make 
Denver,  Colorado  Springs  or  Pueblo  a  stopping  point  before  venturing  higher,"  and 
that  "  there  are  many  reasons  to  justify  the  statement  that  tubercular  consumptives  will 
improve  in  the  mountains  of  Colorado,  and  in  many  cases  recover  entirely." 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


COLORADO  SPRINGS,  A  RESIDENCE  CITY  AND 
HEALTH  RESORT. 

This  city,  one  of  the  most  important  terminal  points  in  Colorado  of  the  Rock 
Island  system,  is  situated  on  a  beautiful  stretch  of  table  land  near  the  foot  hills,  which  lie 
at  the  base  of  the  most  eastern  spurs  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  range,  at  an  elevation  of 
5,982  feet  above  sea  level.  It  commands  a  magnificent  view  of  Pike's  Peak,  and  is  the 
direct  gateway  and  approach  to  Manitou,  Cascade  Canon,  Ute  Pass,  Garden  of  the  Gods, 


PIKE'S  PEAK   FROM  UNION  RAILWAY  STATION  AT  COLORADO  SPRINGS. 

and  some  of  the  grandest  scenery  on  the  continent.  It  was  laid  out  in  1871.  Its  broad 
avenues  run  at  right  angles  to  each  other,  and  are  thickly  planted  with  shade  trees. 
The  soil  is  sandy  and  porous,  and  was  originally  covered  with  buffalo  grass.  The  intro- 
duction of  water,  however,  through  irrigating  canals,  effected  a  marvelous  change, 
clothing  the  surface  of  town  site  and  adjacent  country  with  verdure,  and  giving  adequate 
moisture  to  all  kinds  of  plants,  grasses,  shrubs  and  flowers.  The  "  lay  of  the  land "  is 
such  that  in  the  construction  of  water  works  no  engineering  was  required  beyond  putting 
the  pipes  down  in  straight  lines.  The  water  is  brought  direct  from  mountain  streams, 
and  is  cold,  pure  and  abundant.  The  drainage  is  excellent,  and,  owing  to  the  sandy 
nature  of  the  soil,  which  quickly  absorbs  occasional  summer  dashes  of  rain  and  the  snow 


10 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


^■alls  of  winter,  such  a  thing  as  mud  is  unknown.  At  all  times  and  seasons,  the  streets 
are  dry  and  outdoor  life  wholesome  and  enjoyable.  The  principal  thoroughfares  have 
street  car  conveniences,  and  electric  lights 
are  supplied  to  many  of  the  hotels  and  busi- 
ness houses. 

It  is  a  city  of  delightful  homes,  the  ma- 
jority of  its  10,000  population  having  de- 
signed and  erected  houses  on  their  own 
property  for  their  own  exclusive  use  and 
enjoyment.  There  are  also  many  elegant 
and  commodious  public  buildings  and  pri- 
vate residences.  Its  hotels  are  among  the 
finest  in  the  West.  "  The  Antlers  "  is  a  mag- 
nificent structure  of  stone,  built  in  the  Queen 
Anne  style,  and  is  connected  with  large  and 
beautiful  lawns  and  public  grounds.  The 
"Alamo"  is  another  costly  and  luxuriously 
appointed  hotel  of  the  first  class.  Several 
other  hotels  and  boarding  houses  furnish  ex- 
cellent accommodations  at  moderate  prices 
to  transient  or  permanent  guests.  Pretty 
private  cottages,  nicely  furnished,  can  also 
be  rented  by  parties  who  do  not  care  to  live 
at  hotels. 

As  a  sanitarium,  Colorado  Springs  has  a 
wide  and  well  deserved  reputation.  It  has 
a  remarkably  equable  climate,  neither  exces- 
sively hot  in  summer  nor  cold  in  winter. 
The  atmosphere  is  dry,  pure,  bracing,  and 
particularly  soothing  and  agreeable  to  weak 
lungs.  It  is  a  favorite  resort  for  that  large 
number  of  invalids  to  whom  the  air  of  higher  altitudes  is  more  injurious  than  beneficial. 

Dr.  Clinton  Wagner,  Senior  Surgeon  of  the  New  York  Metropolitan  Throat  Hospi- 
tal, writes  in  a  prominent  and  influential  medical  journal:  "In  describing  a  cHmate 
which  presents  so  many  anomalies  as  that  of  Colorado  Springs,  for  instance  the  dryness 
of  an  inland  desert,  the  cold,  bracing  air  of  the  north,  an  atmosphere  so  clear  that  moun- 
tains 130  miles  distant  can  be  seen  distinctly,  without  the  aid  of  a  glass,  the  sun  of  the 
tropics,  a  sky  that  surpasses  that  of  Italy  in  loveliness,  and  scenery  which  compares 
with  that  of  Switzerland,  one  may  justly  stand  in  dread  of  being  charged  with  indulging 
in  the  language  of  the  imagination."  After  detailing  the  history  of  his  own  personal 
experiences,  his  conclusions  are  as  follows:  "  In  diseases  of  the  respiratory  organs,  resi- 
dence at  Colorado  Springs  is  especially  beneficial.  In  cases  of  phthisis  pulmonalis, 
whether  catarrhal  or  tubercular,  stationary,  progressive-chronic  or  bronchial  catarrh,  the 
results  of  pleurisy  and  pneumonia,  improvement  or  recovery  may  be  looked  for," 

The  city's  water  supply  from  Ruxton  Creek,  is  clear,  copious  and  unfailing.  Al- 
though the  natural  drainage  is  good,  a  scientific  system  of  sewerage  has  been  adopted 
and  eight-inch  mains  laid  through  the  principal  streets  connecting  with  the  houses, 
which  carry  off  all  noxious  superfluities,    The  drives,  over  hard  roadways,  lead  to  every 


CATHEDRAL  ROCKS,"  NEAR  MANITOU. 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


11 


point  of  compass  and  to  places  of  interest  in  all  directions.  Within  an  outer  rim  of 
twenty  miles,  more  scenery  can  be  witnessed  and  in  greater  variety,  from  the  lovely  to 
the  majestic  in  color,  form  and  extent,  than  in  any  other  part  of  the  world. 

The  fact  that  no  saloons  are  permitted  to  exist  in  Colorado  Springs,  and  that  the 
sale  of  liquor  is  strictly  prohibited,  the  penalty  being  the  enforcement  of  a  clause  in  each 
individual  deed  of  conveyance  which  forfeits  the  property  to  its  original  owner,  renders 
it  a  very  desirable  place  for  visitors  or  permanent  residents  having  families  of  children. 
The  influences  that  surround  them  are  innocuous,  wholesome  and  improving  to  both 
minds  and  morals.  It  is,  indeed,  a  "city  of  steady  habits,"  and  its  people  are  of  a  supe- 
rior, intelligent,  highly-educated,  New  England  type  of  men  and  women,  who  are  at  the 
same  time  generous,  public-spirited  and  hospitable. 

The  magnificence  of  the  surrounding  landscape  is  the  delight  and  admiration  of 
tourists  and  "  a  joy  forever  "  to  even  the  oldest  inhabitant.  The  nearness  of  the  city  to  the 


VIEW  OF  PIKE'S  PEAK  FROM  ANTLERS'  HOTEL.  COLORADO  SPRINGS. 

mountams  affords  easy  access  to  the  numerous  canons,  parks  and  caves  m  its  vicinity 
To  the  south  are  "  H.  H.'s  Flower  Garden,"  the  Cheyenne  Toll-Road  and  Cheyenne 
canons;  to  the  southwest,  the  picturesque  Bear  Creek  and  Red  Rock  canons;  to  the 
west,  Manitou,  the  American  Spa,  with  its  hundreds  of  objects  of  interest,  and  cel- 
ebrated mineral  springs.  One  of  the  most  popular  drives  is  that  over  the  mesa  to 
Glen  Eyrie  and  the  Garden  of  the  Gods;  that  up  the  Cheyenne  Canon,  fifteen  miles  long, 
terminating  at  Seven  Lakes,  at  an  elevation  of  11,500  feet,  is  also  full  of  interest.  It  is 
very  seldom  that  so  much  grandeur  and  variety  of  scenery  can  be  seen  from  a  well- 
built  wagon  road.  The  pioneer  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  and  Colorado  Midland  (the  latter 
completed  to  Newcastle)  afford  conveyance  in  luxurious  cars  to  an  endless  succession 
of  other  mountain  scenic  wonders. 

The  cost  of  living  in  this  city  is  not  so  great  as  many  Eastern  people  suppose.  Fur- 
nished houses  of  three  to  eight  rooms  rent  at  $20  to  $100,  and  unfurnished  at  $10  to  $50 
per  month.  Furnished  rooms,  including  light  and  fuel,  can  be  had  for  $8  to  $10  per 
month,  and  unfurnished  at  cheaper  rates.  Table  board  at  hotels  and  restaurants  costs 
from  $4.50  to  $7  per  week.    The  price  of  coal  is  $3.75  to  $8  per  ton. 


---'jJfltV^pSS-" 


b  RfAT^oll-rSLAND  Route 


~'^    '"    I '""nil-    I  III 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


i3 


PUEBLO,  "THE  PITTSBURGH  OF  THE  W^EST." 

This  city,  which  is  another  favored  railway  terminal  point  of  The  Great  Rock  Island 
system  in  Colorado,  is  the  capital  of  Pueblo  county,  the  metropolis  of  the  corn,  wheat 
and  fruit-producing  valley  of  the  Arkansas,  the  seat  of  large  smelting  establishments, 


STREET  SCENE— UNION  AVENUE,  LOOKING  WEST  IN  THE  CITY  OF  PUEBLO. 
iron  and  steel  manufactures  and  other  industries,  and  the  centre  to  a  rapidly  growing 
tributary  trade.  The  Arkansas  and  its  affluents  furnish  the  facihties  for  irrigation  to 
over  15,000,000  acres  of  land,  the  greater  proportion  of  which  will  soon  be  converted 
into  productive  farms.  Within  its  confines  of  over  2,000  miles  extent  are  such  cities  as 
Leadville  (the  leading  mining  centre  of  the  State),  Trinidad,  with  its  unlimited  beds  of 
coal  and  iron,  and  Canon  City  and  Flor- 
ence, in  the  midst  of  petroleum  fields, 
whose  resources  of  wealth  are  just  begin- 
ning to  be  utilized.  The  yearly  production 
of  its  smelters  in  gold,  silver  and  lead  is 
over  $2,500,000  in  value. 

The  present  population  of  Pueblo  is 
estimated  at  45,000;  Its  distance  from 
Denver  is  120  miles,  and  elevation  4,667 
feet.  The  original  town  site  was  on  the 
north  bank  of  the  Arkansas  river.  Its 
streets  are  eighty  feet  wide — those  running 
east  and  west  being  designated  by  num- 
bers; those  north  and  south  being  known 
as  avenues.  South  Pueblo  in  1872  was  laid 
out  on  the  bottom  lands  parallel  to  and 
south  of  the  river,  and  is  chiefly  devoted  to 
business  houses  and  railroad  yards.     Here  ^^^^^^  ^^RKS  BUILDING  AT  PUEBLO. 

are  also  several  minor  factories,  warehouses  and  lumber  depots.    The  mesa  or  table 
land  farther  back  is  occupied  by  residences.     Fronting  on  the  bluffs,  a  portion  of  the 


44 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


%K-ISLAHD  BO""- 


CITY  HALL  BUILDING  AT  PUEBLO. 


mesa,  known  as  Corona  Park,  is  irregularly  laid  out  in  winding  streets  and  blocks. 

The  remainder,  in  squares,  is  separated  from  the  park  by  a  double  avenue,  150  feet 

wide,  shaded  by  four  rows  of  trees. 
The  town  of  Bessemer  (where  are  the 
steel  works)  is  still  farther  south  of 
the  city,  on  what  is  called  the  "  upper 
mesa." 

The  corporate  limits  of  Pueblo 
include  an  irregular  tract  three  miles 
north  and  south  by  two  and  one-half 
miles  wide.  North  from  the  river  a 
high  ridge  extends  east  of  the  original 
town  site.  East  of  this  ridge  the  Fon- 
taine flows  from  the  base  of  Pike's 
Peak  into  the  Arkansas.  The  eleva- 
tion, known  as  "  Tenderfoot  Hill,"  and 
another  beyond,  called  "  East  Side," 
are  very  desirable  for  residences. 
Without  and  adjoining  the  city  limits 
on  every  side  are  recently  platted 
subdivisions,  where  lots  are  held  at 
low  rates,  which  will  eventually  be- 
come very  valuable  properties.  One  of 
the  prettiest  is  the  "  Fountain  Lake," 

which  is  advantageously  located  on  one  of  the  principal  streets  and  driving  boulevards. 
Union  avenue,  which  extends  from  the  viaduct  across  the  river  and  north  to  the 

city  limits,  and  Santa  Fe  avenue  (also  running  due  north)  are  the  principal  business 

streets,  and  are  traversed  by  street  cars,  which  run  to  the  residence  parts  of  the  city. 

The  passenger  and  freight  depots  of  the  railways  centering  here  are  on  either  side  of 

the  river.     The  area  of  the  business 

district     comprises      fifty      squares. 

Pueblo  has  several  artesian  wells  sunk 

to  a  depth  of  1,000  to  1,400  feet,  which 

have  already  gained  a  national  repu- 
tation. The  water  is  in  general  de- 
mand and  shipped  to  all  parts  of  the 

United  States.    Diseases  of  the  blood 

and  secretory  organs  can  be  cured  by 

its  use,  as  many  afflicted  persons  have 

discovered  by  happy  experience. 

The  mountain  view  from  Pueblo 

is     comprehensive     and      inspiring. 

Northwest,  in  the  distance,  are  the 

blue  slopes  of  the  Front  range,  with 

Pike's   Peak    as    the    central  figure. 

Rising  above  the  horizon,  ninety  miles 

south,  the  Spanish  Peaks  are  distinctly  visible,  and  west  of  these,  on  a  bright  day,  can 

be  seen  the  snowy  summits  of  the  Sangre  de  Christo  range.    The  Greenhorn  Mountains, 


COUNTY  COURT  HOUSE  AT  PUEBLO. 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACEi^. 


45 


where  nestles  the  beautiful  resort,  "  Beulah  Springs,"  are  but  thirty  miles  away.  The 
topography  of  Pueblo  is  also  such  as  to  render  it  a  most  desirable  health  resort.  The 
city  lies  on  the  sloping  land  on  either  side  of  the  Arkansas  River,  thirty  miles  from 
the  foothills  and  mountains,  which  enclose  the  valley  on  three  sides.  This  secluded 
location  affords  all  the  benefits  of  fresh,  exhilarating  mountain  air,  without  the  evils  of 
a  high  altitude  and  great  extremes  of  temperature  between  day  and  night.  There  are 
noteworthy  structures,  both  public  and  private,  to  which  citizens  of  Pueblo  can  point 
with  pride.  Among  them  are  the  County  Court  House  and  City  Hall,  several  business 
blocks,  three  to  four  stories  high,  the  Grand  (an  elegantly  equipped  hotel),  a  $350,000 
Opera  House,  a  fine  Union  Railway  Depot,  the  Sisters  of  Loretto  Academy,  Board  of 
Trade  Building,  a  costly  and  imposing  edifice  for  the  display  of  minerals  (in  course  of 
erection),  and  numerous  others. 

The  climate  of  Pueblo  and  vicinity,  where  disagreeable  days  are  the  exception,  says 
a  local  journal,  must  of  necessity  be  beneficial.  Outdoor  occupations  are  carried  on  at 
all  seasons  of  the  year.  No  cold  weather  of  sufficient  severity  to  stop  work;  no  day  in 
summer  so  warm  that  out-of-door  work  must  be  suspended;  sunstrokes  are  unknown. 
The  days  are  very  few,  indeed,  when  invalids  cannot  walk  or  ride  in  the  open  air. 
Children  thrive,  owing  to  the  fact  that  they  can  play  in  the  open  air  nearly  every  day  in 
the  year.  This  climate  is  peculiarly  adapted  to  all  relaxed  conditions.  The  air,  being 
dry  and  exhilarating,  and  the  bright  light,  serve  as  a  tonic  to  weakened  systems.  In  the 
coldest  days  of  winter  comparatively  no  discomfort  is  experienced,  and  human  energies 
are  rather  stimulated  than  depressed  by  the  frigid  weather. 


PALMER  LAKE,  BETWEEN  DENVER  AND  PUEBLO. 

Palmer  Lake  (a  medallion  portrait  of  which  is  given  herewith)  is  reached  via 
The  Rock  Island  Route  at  a  point  between  Denver  and  Pueblo  which  rises  to  an  elevation 
of  7,238  feet  above  sea  level.  This  locality  was  formerly  called  "  The  Divide,"  for  the 
significant  reason  that  on  the  crest  of  its 
summit,  the  waters  "divide,"  flowing  north 
into  the  Platte — which  empties  into  the 
Missouri,  and  south  into  the  Arkansas  — 
which  is  a  confluent  of  the  Mississippi. 
The  lake  is  truly  a  mountain  gem,  with 
delightful  natural  surroundings. 
Whether  approached  from  Denver  or 
Pueblo,  it  reveals  itself  suddenly  to  the 
sight,  a  vision  of  sylvan  beauty.  Red- 
roofed,  picturesque  cottages  nestle  here 
and  there  among  the  hills,  gaily-painted 
boats  float  gracefully  upon  the  bright 
blue  waters,  a  fountain  in  the  center  flings 
its  spray  half  a  hundred  feet  into  the  air, 
and  on  either  hand  rugged  peaks,  pine- 
clad  and  broken  by  castellated  rocks,  rise 
into  a  sky  whose  cerulean  hue  is  reflected 
by  the  placid  waters  of  the  lake.  On  the  route  thither,  the  traveler  will  enjoy  a  delight- 
ful variety  of  scenery;   on  either  side  are  rolling  plains  dotted  with  numerous  herds  of 


16 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


sheep  and  cattle,  agricultural  settlements  with  cultivated  ranches,  giving  evidence  of 
enterprise  and  thrift.     Now  and  then  we  catch  a  glance  of  the  river  threading  its  way 

amid  the  valleys  and  glens, 
while  stretching  away  in  the 
distance  the  cliffs  and  tower- 
ing peaks  of  the  snowy  range 
in  their  dazzling  whiteness 
appear  like  fleecy  clouds 
upon  the  horizon,  and  form  a 
striking  contrast  with  the 
blue-tinted  foot-hills,  which, 
as  we  near  them,  appear 
covered  with  oak  shrubbery, 
bright  flowers,  castled  rocks, 
scattered  pines,  and  quaking 
aspen  glimmering  in  the  sun- 
shine. 

Gradually  ascending  the 
mountain  pathway,  we  reach 
the  summit,  and,  entering  a 
gap  in  the  mountains,  Palmer 
Lake  is  seen,  sparkling  like  a 
diamond  in  its  emerald  set- 
ting. Along  the  shore  a  sub- 
stantial stone  embankment 
has  been  built,  and  in  front  of 
the  station  a  neat  and  tasteful 
boat-house  erected.  Boating 
is  indeed  an  attractive  feature 
of  this  resort,  and  nearly 
every  visitor  indulges  in  it. 
The  town,  though  small  (hav- 
ing about  150  permanent  resi- 
dents only),  has  its  regularly 
graded  streets  planted  with 
shade  trees,  handsome  cot- 
tages, comfortable  hotel,  and 
an  abundant  supply  of  pure 
water  brought  from  mountain 
sources  in  iron  pipes,  having 
pressure  that  enables  foun- 
tains to  throw  ^yater  to  a 
height  of  eighty  feet. 

Here  the  people  of  Colo- 
rado Springs,  Denver  and 
Pueblo,  and  other  towns  along 


THE     SEVEN  FALLS,"  IN  CHEYENNE  CANON. 

The  Cheyenne  Canons,  distant  8^  to  9  miles  from  Manitou,  give  one 
a  good  idea  of  the  magnificent  gorges  which  aboimd  in  the  fastnesses 
of  the  Rocky  Mountains.  They  are  deep  gashes  in  the  heart  of  Chey- 
enne Mountain,  and  display  grand  facings  of  red  granite  towering 
hundreds  of  feet  high.  In  both  canons  the  Douglas  spruce,  the  Rocky 
Mountain  pine,  the  white  spruce  and  other  charming  varieties  of  native 
tree  growths  thrive  in  great  profusion,  while  the  Virginia  creeper,  the 
clematis  (two  species)  and  other  climbers  and  plants  add  their  graces 
and  charms  to  the  scene.  The  stream  in  the  southern  gorge  forms 
a  beautiful  cascade  (illustrated  in  panel  above),  plunging  in  seven  suc- 
cessive leaps  a  distance  of  five  hundred  feet. 


the  line,  and  many  visitors  from  the  States,  come  every  summer  for  healthful  rest  and 
recreation.     Here  (in  the  lovely  recess  a  few  hundred  yards  above  the  lake)  Glen  Park 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


17 


is  situated,  where  many  wealthy  people  have  erected  summer  cottages  and  homes. 
Many  points  of  scenic  interest  surround  Palmer  Lake  which  are  easily  accessible  by  a 
pleasant  walk  or  drive.  Among  these  may  be  mentioned  Phoebe's  Arch,  Glen  d'  Eau, 
Bellevue  Point,  the  Arched  Rocks  and  Ben  Lomond.  Ten  miles  northwest  is  Perry 
Park,  which  abounds  in  those  singular  rock  formations  which  make  Monument  Park  so 
attractive.  As  a  sanitarium  for  invalids  of  weak  lungs,  who  cannot  breathe  the  air  of 
higher  altitudes,  Palmer  Lake  is  one  of  the  best  in  Colorado. 


MANITOU  AND  ITS  ATTRACTIVE  SURROUNDINGS 

Manitou  is  situated  at  the  foot  of  Pike's  Peak,  that  towers  to  a  height  of  14,147 
feet  —  its  summit  crowned  with  everlasting  snows.  It  is  only  six  miles  from  Colorado 
Springs  (one  of  the  chief  Colorado  termini  of  the  Rock  Island  system),  with  which  it 
is  united  by  a  branch  railway  that  runs  daily  trains,  at  twenty-five  cents  fare,  with 
sufficient  frequency  to  accommodate 
all  the  demands  of  travel. 

It  is  renowned,  and  justly  so,  for 
its  effervescent  soda  and  iron  springs, 
which  constitute  a  beverage  not  only 
piquant  and  delicious  as  champagne, 
but  as  a  corrective,  alterative  and 
tonic  are  credited  with  rare  medicinal 
virtues.  While  its  mineral  waters 
take  equal  rank  with  those  of  Sara- 
toga, it  is  in  many  other  important 
respects  a  far  more  attractive  resort 
for  intelligent,  refined  and  even 
fashionable  and  wealthy  people.  It  is 
not  only  provided  with  spacious  and 
elegant  hotels,  but  it  is  surrounded  by 
the  most  sublime  and  beautiful 
scenery  in  America.  In  the  language 
of  an  enthusiastic  admirer :  "  For 
those  who  reverence  what  is  grand  in 
nature,  the  mountains  tower  in  the 
western  heavens,  marshaled  and  cap- 
tained by  Pike's  Peak;  for  those  who 
are  moved  by  vastness,  the  mysterious 
plains  like  a  boundless  ocean  stretch 
to  the  east;  for  those  who  love  gentler 
aspects,  the  valley  of  the  Fontaine- 
qui-Bouille,  glowing  with  greenery 
and  pranked  with  flowers,  affords  a 
never-ceasing  pleasure." 

The  resident  population  consists 
mostly  of  men  of  means  with  their 
families,  who,  having  derived  great  benefit  from  sojourning  here,  and  having  become 
fascinated  by  the  sunny  skys,  pure  air,  sparkling  water,  genial  climate,  wonderful  scenery 


BALANCED  ROCK  IN  GARDEN  OF  THE  GODS. 


sssm:-msixm^ - ;,.,.Mfc.. 


r  mAY 


COLORADO   CITIES  AXD   PLACES.  19 


and  many-sided  enjoyments  incident  to  daily  out-door  life  (all  the  year  round)  in  Colo- 
rado, could  not  be  induced  to  return  to  whence  they  came  or  make  their  homes 
elsewhere.  Manitou  is  hardly  more  than  a  village,  but  it  none  the  less  has  its  electric 
lights,  graded  schools,  beautiful  and  luxuriously-appointed  homes,  a  town  hall  that  co^t 
over  $10,000,  and  many  other,  and,  indeed  nearly  all  the  comforts  and  conveniences 
possessed  by  older  and  populous  cities.  The  standard  of  social  culture  is  very  high, 
and  the  noble  advantages  with  which  Nature  has  dowered  this  locality  seem  to  specially 
favor  the  development  of  art,  good  taste,  and  give  wide  scope  to  the  best  intuitions 
and  aspirations  of  the  human  heart. 

Manitou  is  not  only  a  wonderful  sanitarium,  but  a  truly  ideal  Western  resort.  The 
visits  of  the  health  or  pleasure-seeking  are  not  necessarily  limited  to  the  summer 
months,  for  at  all  times  and  seasons  the  place  is  delightful  beyond  description,  afford- 
ing an  endless  variety  and  succession  of  attractions  for  all,  and  especially  those  who 
have  tired  of  the  tedious  routine  of  conventional  pleasures  endured  at  more  pretentious 
watering  places  East  or  in  Europe.  The  incentives  to  active  physical  exertion  here 
are  many  and  irresistible.  There  are  more  points  of  interest  within  a  few  miles  limit, 
and  easily  accessible  from  Manitou,  than  are  available  at  any  other  watering  place  in 
the  world,  and  the  very  best  way  to  see  and  enjoy  them  is  on  horseback.  There  are 
carriages,  of  course,  for  invalids  who  are  unable  to  remain  long  in  the  saddle,  and  the 
roads,  even  up  the  njost  difficult  canons,  are  good  and  safe.  But  the  riding  horses  at 
the  liveries  here  have  been  carefully  selected,  and  are  so  admirably  trained,  and  their 
saddles  are  so  comfortable,  that  ladies  as  well  as  gentlemen,  almost  invariably  prefer 
them  to  any  other  mode  of  conveyance.  A  gallop  over  the  plains  is  exhilarating,  but 
nothing  can  add  to  the  exaltation  of  spirits  the  equestrian  feels  as  he  gradually  ascends 
(with  little  or  no  personal  fatigue)  the  steep  acclivities  that  lead  up  from  one  "  Point  of 
Inspiration"  to  another,  where  "Alps  on  Alps  arise,"  and  unexpected  scenic  glories  on 
every  side  and  at  every  sudden  turn  are  revealed,  whose  beauty  and  sublimity  once 
impressed  upon  the  memory  can  never  be  effaced. 

The  many  trails  to  be  climbed,  roads  traversed,  cascades  visited,  caverns  explored, 
canons  penetrated,  peaks  surmounted  and  wonderful  views  seen  within  the  radius  of  a 
few  miles  of  Manitou,  are  too  numerous  to  mention.  The  Ute  Pass,  once  a  dizzy  and 
dangerous  footpath,  has  been  made  as  safe  as  a  country  road,  at  an  outlay  of  $20,000, 
and  is  now  a  favorite  drive.  One  of  the  features  of  the  ascent  of  this  Pass  is  the  lovely 
cascade  known  as  "Rainbow  Falls" — a  gem  of  glittering  spray  in  appropriate  setting — 
many  hotel  guests  making  daily  pilgrimages  on  foot  to  worship  at  its  shrine  and  listen 
to  its  musical  rush  of  waters, 

Manitou  is  especially  adapted  to  the  wants  of  those  who,  while  recruiting  their 
energies,  if  impaired,  can  also  escape  the  rigors  of  winter  or  early  spring  in  the  East. 
As  an  all-the-year-round  resort,  it  is  growing  more  and  more  in  popular  favor.  The 
climate  is  not  so  mild  as  that  of  Florida  in  the  winter,  but  the  air  is  dry,  and  (with  the 
exception  of  occasional  light  falls  of  snow)  the  sun  shines  brightly  and  constantly. 
Sheltered  from  the  wind  on  every  side,  Manitou  is  a  delightful  place  at  all  times.  Feb- 
ruary is  a  charming  month,  and  March,  April  and  May  are  hardly  less  so,  and  June  is 
"heavenly,"  when  the  flowers  appear  and  the  mountain  thickets  are  beautiful  with 
blooming  shrubs.  The  invalid  here  is  never  afraid  of  fresh  winter  air,  for  such  glorious 
dry  air  can  do  him  no  harm.,  A  five-minute  walk  to  the  springs  and  a  refreshing 
draught  of  its  sparkling  waters  gives  him  appetite  for  breakfast.     The  more  exercise  he 


^ 


Colorado  cities  and  placed. 


can  take  in  moderation  the  better,  and  if  walking  is  distasteful  or  fatiguing,  he  can  ride 
to  anywhere  or  any  distance,  and  behold  on  every  side  endless  scenes  of  grandeur, 
beauty  and  sublimity. 


MANITOU  AND  PIKE'S  PEAK  COG-RAILWAY. 

This  stupendous  enterprise  — work  on  which  was  begun  about  a  year  ago  —  has  for 
its  object  the  transportation  of  passengers  with  speed  and  safety  from  Manitou  to  the 
tip-top  of  Pike's  Peak,  a  distance  of  nine  miles,  the  elevation  to  be  overcome  being  i,ooo 
feet  to  the  mile.    At  present  writing  it  is  expected  to  be  completed  and  in  operation 


VIEW  OF  PIKE'S  PEAK  FROM  THE  NORTHWEST,  AT  MANITOU  PARK. 

next  June,  in  time  for  use  during  the  present  summer  and  fall  season  of  1890.  After 
leaving  Manitou,  this  road  follows  closely  by  the  old  trail  until  the  Half  Way  House  is 
reached.  Continuing  then  at  an  easy  10  per  cent,  grade  for  one  and  one-half  miles,  it 
makes  a  turn  in  the  direction  of  the  peak  and  continues  for  a  mile  in  a  straight  line,  then 
turning  to  the  south  it  begins  to  climb  rapidly  a  25  per  cent,  grade,  crosses  to  the  west 
side  of  the  huge  mountain  at  Windy  Point,  and  then  takes  a  bee  line  to  the  summit. 
The  track  will  be  laid  of  ordinary  steel  rails,  and  the  rack-rail  in  which  the  cogwheel 
on  the  engine  operates  will  be  securely  fastened  to  the  ties  in  the  center  of  the  track. 
The  cogwheels  will  be  placed  in  under  the  boiler  of  the  engine  between  the  drive 
wheels,  and  will  be  operated  by  specially  arranged  machinery.  The  line  is  to  be 
constructed  in  the  most  substantial  manner,  and  will  be  a  standard  gauge  with  a  fifteen- 
foot  road-bed,  to  provide  against  danger  in  case  of  derailment.     There  will  be  no 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


21 


wooden  bridges  nor  trestlework,  only  soMd  masonry  culverts  and  bridges  being  used,  so 
that  there  will  be  no  trouble  from  washouts.  The  terminals  will  be  at  the  old  signal 
station  on  the  peak  and  a  point  near  the 
Iron  Springs  Hotel  in  Manitou. 

The  rack-rail  system  consists  of  three 
rack  bars  or  rails  instead  of  one,  bolted 
together  and  operated  simultaneously  as 
one  rail.  The  bars  are  so  arranged  that 
while  no  two  cogs  enter  the  notches  simul- 
taneously, several  cogs  have  a  bearing  at 
the  same  time,  thus  insuring  a  continuous, 
easy  motion,  without  jar  or  noise,  and  as 
each  cog  rail  is  independent,  the  breaking 
of  a  cog  would  not  interfere  in  the  least 
with  the  operation  of  the  others,  and  safety 
is  thus  absolutely  assured.  The  engine 
(to  weigh  forty  tons)  will  make  the  trip  up 
the  peak  in  one  and  one-half  hours  and 
down  in  one  and  one-quarter  hours.  It  will 
operate  by  cogwheels  alone,  there  being  no 
adhesion  drivers.  The  cogwheels,  two  in 
number,  are  placed  directly  over  the  center 
of  the  track  in  such  a  position  that  they 
gain  the  advantage  of  the  weight  of  the 
engine.  The  rear  of  the  locomotive  is 
elevated  so  that  the  boiler  will  be  nearly 
level  when  on  the  heaviest  grades.  The 
two  tanks  on  each  side  of  the  boiler  carry 
the  water  supply,  there  being  no  tender, 
and  sufficient  coal  for  one  round  trip  is 
carried  in  a  coal  box  in  the  rear  of  the  cab. 
As  the  engine  pushes  the  train  up  hill,  in- 
stead of  pulling,  as  in  ordinary  railroad 
trains,  it  has  no  use  for  a  pilot  or  "cowcatcher,"  and  resembles  in  hardly  any  respect  the 
ordinary  locomotive.  The  passenger  coaches  will  not  differ  materially  from  the  ordinary 
Pullman  day  coach,  but  will  be  constructed  so  that  passengers  may  sit  comfortably  in 
a  horizontal  position  when  the  car  is  on  an  incline. 

This  will  be  the  most  novel  railway  in  the  world.  When  it  reaches  its  objective 
point  above  the  clouds,  it  will  render  almost  insignificant,  by  comparison,  the  famous 
cogway  up  Mt.  Washington  and  the  inclined  railway  up  the  Rhigi  in  Switzerland.  But 
superadded  to  the  many  elements  of  grandeur  it  will  possess,  the  most  startling  feature 
of  all  will  occur  when,  with  the  aid  of  powerful  electric  arc  lamps  placed  at  short 
intervals,  its  entire  track  to  the  very  crest  of  the  lofty  peak  will  at  night  become  one 
continuous  blaze  of  light.  The  electric  power  will  be  furnished  by  a  dynamo  plant 
situated  at  the  foot  of  the  incline,  and  trains  will  be  run  at  all  hours  of  night.  An 
unbroken  chain  of  dazzling  iridescence,  stretching  up  from  sombre  depths,  crossing 
awful  chasms  and  ascending  to  a  height  that  human  skill  in  this  direction  has  never 
before  attained,  will  constitute  a  wonderfully  weird  and  grand  spectacle — a  sight  worth 
going  thousands  of  miles  to  behold. 


RAINBOW  FALLS,"  NEAR  MANITOU. 


22 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


OTHER  PICTURESQUE  LOCALITIES  AND  POINTS 
OF  INTEREST. 

Cheyenne  Mountain,  only  a  few  miles  distant  from  Manitou,  is  distinguished  as  the 
final  resting  place  of  the  gifted  authoress,  Helen  Hunt  Jackson.  It  is  reached  via  Chey- 
enne Canon,  down 
which  the  "  Seven 
Falls "  cascade  (see 
engraving)  plunges  in 
a  succession  of  pictur- 
esque leaps  a  distance 
of  500  feet.  The  sum- 
mit of  Cheyenne 
Mountain  is  attained 
by  climbing  up  a  stair- 
way which  has  been 
built  by  the  side  of 
this  torrent.  At  the 
end  of  this  ascent  a 
winding  trail  is  fol- 
lowed to  the  grave  of 
the  great  writer  and 
universally  beloved 
and  esteemed  woman. 
The  following  is  her 
own  language  descrii5- 
ing  the  mountain, 
where  she  now  lies 
buried  at  her  own 
especial  request : 

"It  is  the  southern- 
most peak  of  the 
range  lying  west  of 
Colorado  Springs.  * 
*  *  Pike's  Peak,  a 
few  miles  further 
north  in  the  same 
range,  is  nearly  twice 
as  high;  so  it  is  not  by 
reason  of  height  that 
Cheyenne  is-  so  grand. 
Pausing  now  with  my 
pen  in  my  hand,  I  look 
out  of  my  south  win- 
dow   at    its    majestic 


SADDLE  ROCK" 
Is  the  suggestive  name  of  one  ot  the  many  singular  natural  eccentricities  to  be 
seen  in  the  Ute  Pass  and  other  localities  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  Manitou. 
For  a  few  hours'  carriage  drive  or  horseback  ride  there  is  no  finer  one  from 
Manitou  or  Colorado  Springs  than  the  Ute  Pass.  In  the  spring  and  summer  the 
foliage,  the  flowers  and  sweet  smelling  shrubs,  the  birds  and  butterflies 
attracted  by  the  spray  of  the  dashing  waters  of  the  Fontaine-qui-Bouille,  that 
sparkle  in  the  sun,  form  a  bright  foreground  for  the  crags  and  cliffs  beyond. 
This  gorge  through  the  front  line  of  the  foot  hills— the  ramparts  of  the  Rockies- 
is  very  appropriately  called  the  "  Ute  Pass."  From  time  immemorial  the  Utes 
came  down  through  it  from  their  mountain  fastnesses  to  hunt  buffalo  on  the 

Elains  or  wage  intermittent  war  with  their  relentless  enemies,  the  Arapahocs, 
omanches,  and  Cheyennes.  It  was  then  only  a  footpath,  impassable  to  any 
but  the  Indian.  In  1872  a  fine  road  through  the  defile  was  constructed,  at  a  cost 
of  $20,000,  by  citizens  of  Elpaso  county,  for  a  distance  of  2^  miles.  It  is  an 
excellent  road,  noted  for  its  rare  scenic  beauty,  and  opens  to  travel  the  best 
natural  highway  into  the  upland  plateau  of  South  Park  and  the  mining  districts 
beyond. 

being  loyal  to  the  truth  I  would  like  to  tell  of  this  mountain.     Is  it  that  its  eastern 

outline,  from    the   summit  down  to  the  plain,  is  one    slow,  steady,  incurving  slope. 


front,  and  despair 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


23 


broken  only  by  the  rise  of  dark  timberlands,  which  round  like  billows,  and  that  this 
exquisite  hollowing  curve  is  forever  outlined  against  the  southern  sky?  Is  it  because 
the  heavily  cut  and  jagged  top  joins  this  eastern  slope  at  a  sharp  angle  and  stretches 
away  to  the  northeast  in  broken  lines  as  rugged  and  strong  as  the  eastern  slope  is 
graceful  and  harmonious,  and  that  the  two  lines  together  make  a  perpetual,  vast  trian- 
gulation  on  the  sky?  Is  it  that  when  white  clouds  in  our  heavens  at  noon,  journey 
south,  they  always  seem  to  catch  on  its  eastern  slope,  and  hang  and  flutter  there,  or 
nestle  down  in  an  island-like  band  reaching  half  way  up  the  mountain  ?  Is  it  that  the 
dawn  always  strikes  it  some  moments  earlier  than  it  reaches  the  rest  of  the  range, 
turning  it  glowing  red  from  plains  to  sky,  like  a  great  illumined  cathedral  ?  Is  it  that 
the  setting  sun  also  loves  it,  and  flings  back  mysterious  broken  prisms  of  light  on  its 


VIEW  OF  LONG'S  PEAK  AND  MOUNTAINS  FROM  ESTES  PARK. 
furrowed  western  slopes  long  after  the  other  peaks  are  black  and  grim  ?  Is  it  that  it 
holds  canons,  where  one  can  climb  among  fir  trees  and  roses  and  clematis  and  colum- 
bine and  bluebells  and  ferns  and  mosses,  to  wild  pools  and  cascades  in  which  the 
snow-fed  brooks  tumble  and  leap?  These  questions  are  only  like  the  random  answers 
of  one  suddenly  hard  pressed  for  the  explanation  of  a  mystery  which  has  long  since 
ceased  to  be  a  mystery  to  him  —  ceased  to  be  a  mystery,  not  because  it  has  been 
fathomed,  but  because  it  has  become  familiar  and  dear. 

"  No  lover  of  Cheyenne  but  will  say  that  Cheyenne  is  better  than  all  these  ;  that  no 
one  of  all  these  is  quite  truly  and  sufficiently  told,  and  I  myself  in  the  telling,  feel  like 
one  stammering  in  a  language  but  half  learned,  the  great  mountain  all  the  while  look- 
ing down  on  me  in  serene  and  compassionate  silence.  At  this  moment  it  looks  like  a 
gigantic  mountain  of  crystals,  purple  and  white.  Every  smallest  ridge  slope  fronting  to 
the  east  or  south  is  of  a  red  purple,  like  the  purple  of  a  Catawba  grape  over-ripe.  Every 
smallest  ridge  slope  to  the  north  or  west  is  white  like  the  white  of  alabaster  and  soft 


24 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


with  the  softness  of  snow.  The  plains  are  a  clear,  pale  yellow,  and  the  spot  where  the 
slope  melts  into  the  level,  and  purple  melts  into  the  yellow,  is  a  triumph  of  shape  and 
color  from  which  men  who  build  and  men  who  paint  might  well  turn  away  sorrowful." 
One  of  the  most  beautiful  among  the  many  picturesque  localities  of  Manitou  is  a 
scene  near  Briarhurst,  of  which  we  present  elsewhere  a  carefully  executed  page  engrav- 
ing. Briarhurst  takes  its  name  from  a  residence  in  the  near  vicinity,  which  is  half 
concealed  by  tangled  shrubbery  and  groves  of  lofty  trees.  It  is  constructed  of  the 
native  pink  and  white  stone,  its  architecture  diversified  by  many  gables,  porches  and 
verandas,  and  covers  much  ground.  Here  is  reverently  cherished  by  its  owner  the 
splendid  picture  by  Thomas  Moran,  of  the  "  Mount  of  the  Holy  Cross."  Art  and  good 
taste  have  done  much  to   embellish   this   lovely   spot.     The   pure   crystal  stream  of 


THE  HUNTERS'  RENDEZVOUS.     A   WINTER  SCENE  IN  COLORADO. 

This  "Winter  Scene,"  with  its  log  cabin  protected  from  storms  by  a  stately  forest  of  pine       *■ 
trees;  its  embankments  of  crusted  snow  glistening  in  the  cheerful  sunlight,  and  its  group  of 
hardy  hunters  — powerfully  suggests  the  keen  zest  that  stimulates  and  sustains  the  sportsman 
in  his  pursuit  of  noble  mountain  game,  as  well  as  the  interior  comforts  of  his  snug  bachelor 
den,  devoted  to  good  cooking  and  good  fellowship  when  the  day's  hunt  is  over. 

melted  snow  water  is  crossed  and  recrossed  by  rustic  bridges,  and  the  walks  along  its 
margin  are  as  pleaSant  and  inviting  as  it  is  possible  to  make  them. 

The  "  Garden  of  the  Gods,"  only  one  and  a  half  miles  distant  over  an  excellent 
carriage  road,  is  another  wonderful  locality.  The  noble  majesty  of  the  approach 
thereto  is  but  feebly  portrayed  in  the  engraving  on  the  outside  of  the  cover  of  this 
pamphlet.  It  cannot,  of  course,  do  justice  to  its  wealth  of  color  or  the  magnificent 
picture  this  gateway  frames.  Its  portals  spring  from  the  level  of  the  plain  to  a  height 
of  330  feet,  and  glow  with  a  brilliant  intensity  of  red.  There  is  an  outer  parapet  of 
pure  white  and  inner  columns  of  varied  hues,  the  whole  suggesting  the  ruins  of  a  vast 
temple,  once  the  receptacle  of  the  sacred  shrine  of  the  long-buried  gods.  Standing 
outlined  against  a  spotless  sky  of  blue,  enveloped  in  the  white  light  of  the  sun,  they 
flash  with  the  splendor  of  cornelian.  The  interior  columns  and  monoliths  of  the 
"  Garden  "  have  received  appropriate  designations.     There  is  a  "  Statue  of  Liberty," 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


25 


a  "  Dolphin,"  a  "  Bear  and  Seal,"  a  "  Lion,"  a  "  Griffin,"  and  hundreds  of  other  quaint 
and  curious  figures,  the  rocks  everywhere  assuming  strange  mimetic  forms.  Here  on 
every  side  are  found  hints  of  Athens,  of  the  Parthenon,  Palmyra,  the  Pyramids,  Kamac 
and  her  crumbling  columns.  Nature  has  perpetrated  strange  freaks  of  architecture  in 
this  solitude,  as  if  diverting  herself,  after  throes  which  gave  the  adjacent  mountains 
birth.  The  largest  of  the  interior  ledges  is  1,200  feet  long  by  400  feet  high.  The 
"  Cathedral  Rocks "  (see  engraving)  of  red  sandstone,  250  feet  high,  form  a  curious 
natural  window,  through  which  a  glimpse  is  obtained  of  the  sky  beyond.  The  aggrega- 
tion of  rocks,  boulders  and  cliffs,  single  or  in  groups,  produce  some  inspiring  effects. 
"  Balanced  Rock "  (see  engraving)  forms  a  striking  feature  of  the  west  approach  to 
the  Garden.  Although  weighing  hundreds  of  tons,  it  is  so  nicely  poised  upon  its 
pedestal  that  it  can  be  rocked  to  and  fro  with  the  hands. 

The  "  Cave  of  the  Winds  "  and  the  "  Grand  Caverns  "  possess  a  remarkable  inter- 
est for  visitors,  and  can  be  reached  by  a  short  drive  up  the  Ute  Pass,  at  a  point  1,700 
feet  higher  than  Manitou.  The  cave  is  composed  of  a  dozen  or  more  rooms,  reached 
through  narrow,  dark  passages.  The  formations  are  beautiful  and  wonderful,  the  most 
singular  being  that  of  a  natural  musical  formation  which  bears  a  striking  resemblance 
to  a  pipe-organ.  The  largest  chamber  (450  feet  long)  is  of  immeasurable  height  and 
the  echoes  are  remarkable.     The  floors  are  ircrusted  with  lime  work,  embroidered  in 

raised  ridges  of  exqui- 

site  natural  carving. 
Ernest  IngersoU  says, 
"  In  this  form  of  frost- 
like ornamentation,  to 
which  the  most  skilled 
work  of  the  silversmith 
would  bear  no  compari- 
son, these  Colorado 
caverns  excel  anything 
I  know  of  anywhere." 

There  are  many 
other  points  of  interest 
in  the  vicinity  of  Mani- 
tou. Monument  Park 
(nine  miles  distant  by 
carriage)  is  noted  for  its 
remarkable  and  fan- 
tastic stone  formations. 
"  Sandstone  Tower"  (see 
third  page  of  cover)  is 
one  of  these.  All  the 
curious  rock  shapes  are 
of  cream-colored  sand- 
stone, which  the  valleys 
have  exposed.  They 
have  been  worn  by  time 
and  sculptured  by  the  attrition  of  air  and  water  into  grotesque  figures  or  groups,  some 
of  them  resembling  human  beings.     Among  these  are  the  "  Dutch  Wedding."  "  Quaker 


To  ANIMAS  CANON  (one  of  the  wildest  and  grandest  of  the  Rocky  Moun- 
tains}^ speed  y_and  comfortable  access  is  afforded  by  trains  of  the  Denver  " 


Ric  Grande  Railway. 


Rio  de  las  Ani- 


Through  this  stupendous  gorge,  the 
mas  Perdidas."  or  "  River  of  Lost  Souls,"  forces  its  way  into  the  valley  below. 
For  a  dozen  miles  north  of  Durango  that  railway  traverses  the  fertile  and  cul 

,     '   '      '    '  '     "    ap 

becomes  more  broken  and  contracted,  the  approaching  walls  grow  more  pre' 


tivated  valley  of  the  Animas.  As  it  approaches  the  canon  the  valley  gradually 
becomes  more  broken  and  contracted,  the  approaching  walls  grow  more  pre- 
cipitous and  the  mountain  meadows  give  place  to  sycamore  trees  and  stately 
f)ines.  As  the  road  clings  to  and  climbs  up  the  rising  cliffs,  the  earth  and 
ofty  ^ines  recede,  until  presently  th  '  .       -    .. 

"& 


ines  recede,  until  presently  the  train  courses  along  a  mere  granite  shelf 
ertical  wall 


m  mid-air,  with  a  vertical  wall  rising  a  thousand  feet  above,  and  perpendicular 
depths  and  a  river  surging  hundreds  of  feet  below.  The  canon  here  is  a  mere 
rent  in  the  mountain  (so  narrow  that  one  may  toss  a  pebble  across),  and  the 
rushing  stream  has  a  deep  emerald  hue.  In  the  shadows  of  the  rocks  and 
beetling  cliffs  all  is  solitary,  weird  and  awful.  And  yet  the  amazed  traveler 
loses  all  apprehenrions  of  danger  in  the  wonderful  beauty  and  grandeur  of  the 
scene. 


26 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


Meeting,"  "Lone  Sentinel,"  "  Duchess,"  "  Romeo  and  Juliet,"  "  Mother  Judy,"  etc.  All 
these  and  numerous  others  are  within  easy  walking  distance  of  "  The  Pines,"  a  comfort- 
able hotel  in  the  center  of  the  Park,  one-half  mile  from  the  depot,  and  commanding  a 

superb  view  of  Pike's  Peak  and  the  famous 
Cheyenne  mountains.  Glen  Eyrie  is  a  wild 
and  romantic  retreat  at  the  entrance  of 
Queen's  Canon,  through  which  a  beautiful 
brook  meanders.  There  are  also  scores  of 
smaller  canons,  caves,  waterfalls  and 
charming  nooks  which  sojourners  for  health 
or  pleasure  can  seek  for  themselves. 

The  hotels  and  boarding-houses  at 
Manitou  are  numerous,  and  very  generously 
patronized,  the  prices  being  very  reasonable 
for  first-class  accommodations.  We  ought 
not,  perhaps,  to  omit  mention  of  the  "  Pike's 
Peak  Burro  Brigade" — a  nicely  equipped 
aggregate  of  fat,  docile,  sure-footed,  diminu- 
tive donkeys  —  which  was  organized  and  is 
maintained  for  the  exclusive  benefit  of 
children  and  girls,  who  ride  them  daily  with 
every  demonstration  of  delight,  accom- 
panied (when  deemed  necessary)  by  a 
guide. 

The  summit  of  Pike's  Peak,  where  the 
United  States  government  has  for  several 
years  maintained  a  signal  station,  is  the  ob- 
jective point  of  many  who  visit  Manitou. 
The  trip  is  safely  made  on  horseback  or 
"QU.EEN  OF  THE  CANON-  CASCADE.  ^foot,  although  the  new  cog  railway  will 

divest  the  journey  of  all  danger  and  fatigue.  Last  season  over  5,000  ladies  and  gen- 
tlemen made  the  ascent.  The  distance  from  the  Iron  Springs  (Manitou)  is  twelve 
mountain  miles,  and  mountain  miles  are  invariably  long  ones.  Horses  are  taken  early 
in  the  morning  and  a  cavalcade,  usually  of  from  twenty  to  thirty  persons,  proceed  in 
single  file  up  the  trail  that  leads  through  Engleman's  Canon  or  along  the  beautiful  Rux- 
ton's  Creek,  with  its  dozen  or  more  cascades.  After  a  rest  at  the  Trail  House,  they 
continue  their  way  above  timber  line,  over  rocky  impediments,  to  the  top  of  the  Peak. 
After  an  hour  or  two  devoted  to  rest,  refreshments,  and  a  contemplation  of  the  inde- 
scribably grand  pictures  of  mountain  and  plain  which  extend  around  to  horizons  hun- 
dreds of  miles  distant,  the  procession  makes  the  return.  Though  weary  and  sore,  the 
sight-seers  always  refer  to  this  trip  as  a  "red-letter  day"  in  their  experience. 


[  ^^^^^E 

H     ^^^ 

L; 

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p 

M 

Rx  ^ 

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^^S^ 

^^\ 

J^^ 

^^^^^^  1 

^fes^i'p^ 

ft 

1| 

1  v:i^^ru3 

V 

mm 

-    1   '\ 

-- 

THE  TOWN  OF  CASCADE  UP  THE  UTE  PASS 
FROM  MANITOU. 

This  place  has  won  no  inconsiderable  fame  as  a  pleasure  and  health  resort,  although 
it  first  started  into  life  from  a  ranch  only  three  years  ago,  and  is  destined  to  receive  this 
summer  and  future  seasons  its  full  share  of  patronage.     We  publish  a  view  of  this 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


27 


locality  elsewhere,  engraved  from  photograph.  It  can  be  reached  by  carriage  up  the 
Ute  Pass,  but  the  most  comfortable  route  is  by  the  Colorado  Midland.  It  is  five  miles 
from  Manitou  and  eleven  from  Colorado  Springs,  and  from  an  altitude  of  7,000  feet 
above  sea  level,  commands  a  view  as  extensive  as  it  is  grand.  '  The  town  site  is  near 


SYLVAN  NOOK  AND  FALLS,  IN  CASCADE  CANON. 

the  mouth  of  the  canon  (of  the  same  name),  and  covers  an  area  of  valley  two  miles  long 
and  nearly  the  same  in  width.  It  has  already  become  quite  a  little  village,  with  two 
good  hotels,  a  beautiful  Episcopal  church,  with  gothic  windows  and  stained  glass,  that 
will  seat  150  persons;  a  store,  carrying  a  well  assorted  stock;  a  postoffice  and  numerous 
fine  cottage  residences.    The  Cascade  House  has  been  enlarged  to  nearly  double  its 


28 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


former  capacity,  and  a  new  hotel,  the  "  Ramona,"  has  been  recently  completed  and 
newly  furnished  at  a  cost  of  $65,000.  It  has  100  choice  rooms,  comfortably  and  luxuri- 
ously fitted  up.  The  parlors  and  ladies'  reception  rooms  on  the  first  floor  are  replete 
with  every  convenience.  The  dining-room  is  large  and  cheerful  and  its  tables  will 
accommodate  200  guests  at  a  time,  without  crowding.  The  billiard  and  smoking  rooms 
are  inviting,  and  equally  so  the  reading  and  writing  rooms.  Bath  rooms  are  on  every 
floor;  the  electric  bell  system  is  in  use;  there  is  a  fine  bowling  alley  and  an  elevator, 
while  balconies  twelve  feet  wide  run  around  three  sides  of  the  house,  affording  at  all 
hours  shady  promenades  for  those  desiring  gentle  open-air  exercise. 

During  the  past  year,  many  other  substantial  improvements  have  been  made  in  this 
locality.     Mains  have  been  extended  so  that  water  is  carried  to  all  parts  of  the  town. 


THE  TOWN  OF  CASCADE,  A  SUMMER  RESORT,  TWELVE  MILES  FROM  COLORADO  SPRINGS. 
Sewer  pipes  have  also  been  laid,  and  the  system  of  water  supply  and  drainage  is  now  as 
perfect  as  in  any  place  in  the  State.  An  artificial  lake  has  been  constructed  at  consider- 
able expense,  which  covers  several  acres,  and  is  partially  stocked  with  trout.  Several 
boats  have  been  built  and  placed  on-  this  lake,  and  boating  is  destined  to  become  a 
favorite  amusement  among  summer  sojourners  and  visitors.  A  picturesque  fountain 
adds  another  local  and  much  appreciated  charm. 

A  dancing  pavilion,  built  in  the  summer  of  1888,  near  the  depot,  was  so  numerously 
visited  that  two  others  have  been  erected  over  springs  since  developed.  An  important 
natural  health  restorative  at  Cascade  is  found  at  the  springs.  The  pure,  cold  water 
fountains,  flowing  out  of  the  adjacent  rocks,  are  of  themselves  valuable,  but  there  are 
mineral  springs  as  well;  one  of  delicious  water,  a  short  distance  above  the  hotel,  near  the 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


29 


entrance  of  the  canon,  which  is  very  strongly  impregnated  with  iron,  and  another,  three- 
fourths  of  a  mile  below  the  Cascade  House,  possessing  similar  properties,  but  rich  in 
soda,  potassium,  magnesia  and  other  mineral  and  acid  ingredients,  as  well  as  iron.  These 
waters  are  very  beneficial  to  those  suffering  from  kidney  complaints,  and  as  a  tonic  to 
systems  debilitated  by  overwork  or  nervous  prostration  are  unexcelled. 

The  Pike's  Peak  toll  road  commences  in  Cascade  on  Prairie  Avenue  near  the  hotel. 
It  is  fourteen  feet  wide  with  an  easy  grade  (the  maximum  only  ten  per  cent.),  and  its 
length  is  about  sixteen  miles.  It  is  the  loftiest  carriage  drive  (see  engraving)  in  the 
world,  and  columns  might  be  devoted  to  a  description  of  its  wonderful  beauty.  The 
scenery  with  every  foot  of  progress  is  grand  and  soul  inspiring,  and  to  be  rightly 
appreciated  must  be  seen.  As  the  road  winds  around  the  side  of  the  mountain,  over- 
looking the  town  and  valley,  a  fine  view  is  gained  of  Cascade,  the  mesas  and  the  valley 
of  the  Fontaine.  Two  or  three  miles  further  up  it  enters  the  head  of  Cascade  Canon, 
where  the  scenery  is  wild  and  romantic.  Eight  miles  from  Cascade  the  road  passes  into 
Glen  Cove,  a  vast  amphitheatre  with 
a  grassy  pit,  through  which  course  two 
pretty  streams.  Near  here  is  the 
Devil's  Leap,  a  precipice  2,500  feet 
high.  When  twelve  miles  up,  the 
road  passes  on  to  the  Hayden  Divide, 
and  there,  on  a  mountain  spur  from 
Pike's  Peak,  is  Grand  View.  The 
traveler  is  stopped  in  his  journey  here 
by  the  power  of  the  wonderful  view 
before  him.  He  pauses  to  look  at  the 
great  plains  stretching  far  out  to  the 
east.  He  picks  out  Colorado  Springs, 
at  the  foot  of  the  mountains,  8,000  feet 
below;  Denver,  seventy-five  miles  to 
the  north,  and  Pueblo,  fifty  miles  to 
the  south.  The  course  of  the  Arkansas 
River  is  traced  and  the  smoke  of  the 
Santa  Fe  trains  is  seen  for  many  miles 
out  on  the  plains.  Looking  southwest 
the  observer,  if  he  is  fortunate  enough 
to  be  at  Grand  View  when  the  Rio 
Grande  train  is  passing  over  Marshall 
Pass,  may  see  on  the  pass,  at  an  alti- 
tude of  10,852  feet  and  ninety  miles 
away,  the  smoke  of  the  locomotive  of 
a  railroad  train  crossing  the  range. 
The  superiority  of  this  point  for  a  view 
is  not  only  in  the  fact  that  the  views 
are  more  extensive  and  even  better 
than  the  views  had  from  the  peak,  but  CARRIAGE  WAY  TO  PIKE'S  PEAK  FROM  CASCADE. 

also  in  the  fact  that  the  view  is  very  seldom  obstructed  and  the  traveler  is  not  as  liable 
to  be  disappointed  through  clouds  and  storms  as  he  is  on  the  summit  of  the  peak. 


30 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


However,  as  the  road  continues  from  Grand  View  to  the  summit,  the  traveler  can  take 
both  views  and  form  his  own  conclusions: 

The  view  of  Pike's  Peak  from  Manitou  Park  (see  engraving)  is  one  of  the  finest  of 
the  many  to  be  obtained  of  that  majestic  monarch  of  the  Rockies,  which  (from  this  point 
of  observation)  towers  in  solitary  grandeur  above  the  lesser  mountain  ranges,  and  inter- 
vening valleys  that  are  covered  in  summer  with  flowers  and  grasses,  and  fringed  along 
their  sides  with  forests  of  the  fragrant  spruce  and  pine.     This  lovely  park  is  twenty 


A  SUMMER  SCENE  CAMP  LIFE  IN  CASCADE  CANON. 
miles  from  Colorado  Springs,  and  is  reached  by  daily  coaches  connecting  with  the  Mid- 
land Railway  at  its  nearest  station,  only  seven  miles  distant.  It  consists  of  a  beautiful 
valley  eight  miles  long  and  two  wide.  Through  its  entire  length  courses  a  sparkling 
stream,  in  which  fhe  mountain  trout  finds  his  home.  Hunting  is  good  for  both  large  and 
small  game,  and  within  its  limits  are  many  elegant  drives.  Good  accommodations  here 
are  furnished  by  a  hotel  and  numerous  cottages. 


GREEN  MOUNTAIN  FALLS  — A  CHARMING  HEALTH 
AND  PLEASURE  RESORT. 

When  the  passenger  over  The  Great  Rock  Island  Route  disembarks  from  its  vestibule 
palace  cars  at  Colorado  Springs,  he  at  once  realizes  that  he  is  in  a  land  of  enchantment. 
The  grand  dome  of  Pike's  Peak  towers  above  him  like  the  monarch  it  is  among  moun- 
tains. He  breathes  a  new  and  invigorating  atmosphere.  The  sky  takes  on  a  deeper 
blue,  the  sunlight  is  more  bright  and  warm,  the  water,  distilled  from  snows  in  Nature's 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


31 


laboratory,  is  more  pure  and  sparkling.  Within  sight  and  apparently  but  a  stone's  throw 
distant  are  Manitou,  the  Garden  of  the  Gods,  Cave  of  the  Winds,  Grand  Caverns,  the 
canons  of  Cheyenne  and  Bear  Creek,  the  Ute  Pass,  Cameron's  Cone  and  numberless 
fairy-like  cascades,  all  within  one  or  two  hours'  drive  from  the  city. 

But  none  of  the  localities  mentioned  surpass  in  picturesque  beauty  and  sanitary 
attractiveness  the  new,  but  already  celebrated,  resort  known  as  Green  Mountain  Falls,  of 
which  we  present  elsewhere  a  full-page  illustration.  It  even  ranks  in  popular  estimation 
with  Manitou, -and  in  some  respects  is  considered  superior  to  it,  although  previous  to  1889 
it  was  unknown  except  to  a  few  settlers  in  its  immediate  vicinity.  It  is  accessible  by 
carriage,  but  is  more  easily  and  economically  reached  by  frequent  trains  on  the  broad- 
gauge  Midland  Railway,  with  whijh  road  The  Rock  Island  makes  close  connections  at 
Colorado  Springs,  from  which  city  it  is  only  fifteen  miles  distant.  The  route  thither  up 
the  magnificent  Ute  Pass  is  one  of  the  most  romantic  that  can  be  imagined.  The  Mid- 
land, after  leaving  Manitou,  courses  along  mountain  sides  far  above  the  carriage-road, 
plunging  into  the  very  heart  of  the  mountains,  traversing  eight  tunnels  within  nine 
miles.  By  carriage  or  rail  the  traveler  is  regaled  with  a  constant  succession  of  surprises. 
YrOm  the  time  he  enters  the  pass  until  he- 
arrives  at  his  destination  he  will  view  the 
grandest  and  most  awe-inspiring  scenes, 
such  as  would  compensate  him  for  a 
journey  of  a  thousand  miles  to  see.  "As 
he  approaches  Green  Mountain  Falls'* 
(says  an  enthusiastic  writer), "  the  valley 
widens  out  into  a  charming  landscape, 
surrounded  by  towering  peaks,  with  only 
the  sky  above,  the  Fontaine  River  and 
Midland  track  beneath,  and  lofty  cliffs 
visible  in  the  background.  And  here 
begins  a  panorama,  kaleidoscopic  in  its 
ever-changing  forms  and  colors,  the  won- 
der of  one  who  sees,  the  despair  of  one 
who  wishes  to  tell  others  what  he  saw," 

As  a  health  resort,  Green  Mountain 
Falls  has  no  superior  even  in  Colorado. 
Its  elevation  of  8,000  feet  assures  a  tem- 
perature in  summer  peculiarly  beneficial 
to  the  needs  of  sufferers  from  asthma, 
hay  fever,  or  consumption  in  its  incipient 
stages.  The  air,  tonic  and  pure,  is  laden 
with  balsamic  odors  from  adjacent  pines. 
As  shown  in  our  engraving  (faithfully 
executed  from  an  original  photograph), 
it  is  protected  on  every  side  from  the 
intrusion  of  harsh  winds  or  storms,  mak- 
ing it  desirable  even  as  a  place  for  winter 

residence.     It  is  a  natural  park  or  valley,  "FOSTER'S  FALL,"  GREEN  MOUNTAIN. 

inclosed  by  mountain  ranges,  forming  a  picturesque  but  secluded  landscape.  An  almost 
perpendicular  range  runs  along  its  western  border  and  is  covered  thickly  with  pine  and 


m 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


33 


spruce  from  its  base  to  its  very  crest.  Down  this  evergreen  mountain  a  stream  of  water 
plunges  headlong  from  a  dizzy  height,  and  leaps  from  rock  to  rock  until  it  is  literally 
dashed  into  a  silver  spray  and  falls  in  a  beautiful  shower  of  sparkling  gems  at  the  foot 
of  the  mountains  —  hence  its  name  "  Green  Mountain  Falls."  The  nights  here  are  cool 
and  pleasant,  and  sleep  is  consequently  sound  and  refreshing.  Like  its  neighbor, 
Manitou,  it  also  possesses  iron  and  soda  waters  of  rare  virtue,  considered  to  be  among 
the  best  remedial  agents  of  their  class  in  the  State. 

The  numerous  waterfalls  in  the  vicinity  constitute  another  element  of  attraction 
that  stimulates  to  the  healthful  exercise  of  walking  and  climbing  the  Nature-loving 
tourist  or  visitor.  Our  pictures  (Queen  of  the  Canon  and  Foster's  Fall)  give  an 
adequate  idea  of  the  extreme  beauty  of  scores  of  similar  cataractine-rushes  of  spark- 
ling water  over  huge  rocks  and  through  deep  ravines  —  such  as  Hide  and  Seek  Falls, 
Music  Falls,  Cable  Falls  (named  after  the  President  of  the  Rock  Island  system),  Ever- 


yiEVJ  IN  MIDDLE  PARK.     MOUNTAIN  STREAM  AND  DISTANT  RANGE. 

green.  Hermit,  Bridal  Veil  Falls,  the  Cataracts,  Grandview,  Pilgrim  Falls  and  others, 
all  supremely  grand,  romantic  and  picturesque.  Excursions  over  mountain  trails  or 
through  the  canons  which  pierce  the  rugged  ranges,  afford  an  endless  variety  of 
enchanting  views,  while  from  every  stream  the  sportsman  can  pull  the  speckled  trout, 
that  fairly  leap  to  the  luring  fly. 

Human  art,  taste,  skill  and  liberal  expenditures  of  money  have  intelligently  sup- 
plemented the  lavish  favors  of  Nature,  and  made  Green  Mountain  Falls,  what  it  can 
now  justly  claim  to  be,  a  fashionable  as  well  as  sanitary  resort  for  visitors  from  every 
country  and  clime.  The  accommodations  here  are  ample,  and  adapted  alike  to  the 
wants  of  the  invalid  and  pleasure  seeker.  Last  season,  the  rush  was  so  great  that 
scores  of  tents  had  to  be  improvised  to  meet  the  demand.  An  elegant  three-story  hotel 
in  the  most  approved  style  of  modern  architecture  has  been  erected  at  a  cost  (without 
furnishing)  of  $25,000.  A  lake,  fed  by  mountain  springs,  has  been  constructed  (covering 
five  acres),  with  a  handsome  boat,  house  and  an  island  pavilion  where  nightly  the  young 
people  can  indulge  in  the  waltz  and  fascinating  dance  to  the  music  of  a  selected  orchestra, 


34 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


whose  services  have  been  secured  for  the  entire  summer.  Rustic  seats  have  been  pro- 
vided, and  lawn  and  tennis  grounds  prepared.  There  is  an  excellent  livery,  and  all 
possible  means  will  be  employed  to  make  the  sojourn  of  transient  visitors  or  permanent 
guests  a  ceaseless  round  of  comfort  and  healthful  enjoyment. 


THE  ATTRACTIVE  MOUNTAIN  TOWN  OF  BUENA  VISTA. 

The  town  of  Buena  Vista  (of  which  we  pubUsh  an  illustrated  view  taken  from  a 
commanding  point  on  the  Midland  Railway)  is  the  seat  of  Chaffee  County,  the  latter  so 
named  in  honor  of  the  late  Jerome  B.  Chaffee,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Colorado,  and  a 
man  of  remarkable  abilit)'-,  force  of  character  and  business  sagacity,  who  in  the  field  of 
politics  attained  a  national  reputation."  Its  situation  is  almost  exceptional,  when  its 
healthful  climate,  superior  drainage,  beautiful  surroundings  and  increasing  importance 
as  the  center  of  a  rich  mining  and  agricultural  district  are  considered.  The  trip  is  a 
delightful  one  from  Chicago,  via  vestibule  trains  of  the  Rock  Island,  which  connect  for 
this  point  with  the  South  Park  division  of  the  Union  Pacific,  the  Colorado  Midland  or 
the  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Railways,  at  Denver  or  Colorado  Springs. 

The  Arkansas  River,  rushing  down  from  the  north  between  the  park  and  Saguache 

ranges,  enters  a  fertile  valley, 
which  stretches  away  south- 
ward twenty-eight  miles,  and 
attains  a  maximum  breadth  of 
about  twelve  miles.  At  various 
points,  tributary  streams  from 
the  surrounding  mountains 
cross  this  park  and  empty  into 
the  river.  It  is  estimated  by  an 
experienced  engineer  that  there 
are  100,000  acres  of  land  avail- 
able, when  under  irrigation,  for 
agricultural  purposes,  and 
350,000  which  furnish  a  good 
"range"  for  stock  within  the 
confines  of  this  valley.  There 
are  many  prosperous  ranches 
supplied  with  water  from  the 
mountain  tributaries,  but  the 
greater  part  of  this  district  still 
remains  to  be  brought  under 
cultivation  by  means  of  a  pro- 
jected ditch,  which  is  destined 
to  use  the  warmer  and  more 
cibundant  water  of  the  Arkansas 
River.  In  the  northern  portion 
of  this  valley,  where  Cotton- 
wood Creek  empties   into  the 


GRANITE  WALLS  AND  BOULDERS  IN 


ELEVEN  MILE  CANON.' 


river,  nestles  the  picturesque  town  of  Buena  Vista.   Westward,  five  miles  distant,  rise  the 
celebrated  trinity  of  "College  Peaks,"  individuaHzed  as  Mounts  Harvard,  Princeton  and 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


35 


Yale,  while  the  view  south  is  limited  by  the  snowy  crests  of  the  Sangre  cle  Cristo  range. 
Its  population  is  about  2,000  souls.  Its  most  distinctive  feature  is  its  wonderful 
natural  growth  of  trees.  In  the  majority  of  towns  at  this  altitude  the  vegetation  is 
almost  wholly  and  directly  due  to  artificial  irrigation. '  Here,  however,  the  seepage  from 
Cottonwood  Creek  and  its  affluents  seems  sufficient  to  make  of  this  locality  a  very,  oasis 
as  compared  with  other  less  favored  places.  Cottonwood  trees  and  giant  pines  (see 
group  "  Big  Pines  "  in  engraving)  dot  the  landscape,  while  on  the  higher  mesa  lands, 
and  even  within  the  town  limits,  the  picturesque  pmon  flourishes.  The  scenery  from 
the  town  itself,  which  has  an  altitude  of  7,700  feet,  and  from  every  "  coig^  of  vantage  " 
that  can  be  gained  by  walk  or  drive  is  superb,  (See  view  of  "  Main  Street  Looking 
West"  in  engraving.)     The  college  peaks  (already  mentioned)  attain  an  altitude  of  over 


LOCH  IVANHOE  "  NEAR  THE  CREST  OF  THE  SNOWY  RANGE. 

14,000  feet,  Mt.  Harvard  rising  14,311  feet,  being  the  second  in  height  of  the  Rocky 
Mountains. 

For  the  tourist  and  invalid,  Buena  Vista  offers  especial  attractions,  both  as  a  sum- 
mer resort  and  as  a  permanent  place  of  residence.  Experience  has  shown  that  the 
cities  lying  east  of  the  mountain  ranges  are  subject  to  the  parching  winds  which  sweep 
from  the  plains,  bringing  with  them  clouds  of  fine  dust.  To  those  afflicted  with  pulmon- 
ary or  catarrhal  troubles,  this  acts  as  a  frequent  source  of  irritation.  While  Buena 
Vista  is  situated  in  a  valley  of  sufficient  breadth  to  feel  the  cooling  mountain  breezes, 
the  various  ranges  by  which  it  is  surrounded  protect  it  from  violent  wind  storms  m  the 
summer  and  severe  snows  in  winter. 

The  most  celebrated  drive  in  this  vicinity  is,  jf>ar  excellence,  that  to  Cottonwood 
Lake,  eleven  miles  west.  This  mountain  gem,  in  its  rough  setting  of  towering  crags 
and  peaks,  lies  in  the  South  Cottonwood  Pass.     The  road  is  first-class  and  safe,  and 


■■■■■i^i 


MM 


WA  '■:'' 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


37 


furnishes  views  of  unrivaled  beauty  and  grandeur.  At  the  lake,  the  tourist  or  sportsman 
will  find  boats  and  excellent  trout  fishing,  and  the  creek,  which  takes  its  name  and  rise 
from  these  waters,  and  which  runs  directly  through  the  town  will  repay  the  skill  of 
anyone  who  can  cast  a  fly. 

Near  the  summit  of  the  southernmost  of  Mt.  Princeton's  three  peaks,  at  an  altitude 
of  about  12,000  feet,  is  situated  the  Hortense  mine.  This  is  not  now  in  operation,  but  the 
road  remains  in  good  condition,  and  though  no  longer  a  highway  for  precious  metals, 
furnishes  a  wonderful  drive  for  those  in  search  of  the  grandeur  of  Rocky  Mountain 
scenery.  The  distance  to  the  summit  is  eleven  miles,  and  the  view  from  it  commands 
the  Arkansas  Valley,  Salida,  Poncha,  the  Sangre  de  Cristo  Mountains,  and  to  the  east 
South  Park  and  Pike's  Peak,  100  miles  away.  A  drive  or  about  twenty  miles  is  fur- 
nished by  the  road  encircling  Gold  Hill,  from  which  the  best  views  of  the  College 
peaks  and  the  Sagau- 
Qhe  range  are  ob- 
tained, as  well  as  of 
the  Buffalo  peaks, 
which  lie  north  of  the 
town.  The  Twin 
Lakes,  twenty-five 
miles  north,  have  ob- 
tained a  great  cele- 
brity. The  larger  lake 
is  about  two  and  one- 
half  miles  long  and 
one  and  one-half  wide, 
and  is  separated  from 
the  smaller  by  a  nar- 
row strip  of  land,  upon 
which  a  beautiful 
drive  is  built.  Al- 
though for  many  years 
known  to  sportsmen 
as  furnishing  good 
fishing  grounds,  they 
are  annually  gaining 
in  favor  with  all 
classes  of  travelers. 
Excellent  hotel  and 
boating  accommoda- 
tions are  provided.  In 
addition  to  those  men- 
tioned, there  are  man\ 
more  drives  penetrat 
ing  the  various  moun- 
tain passes,  and 
running  north  or  south  in  the  valley  on  safe  and  agreeable  roads. 


SNOWY  RANGE  FROM  THE  BIG  PINES  NEAR  BUENA  VISTA. 


Silver,  copper  and 

gold  mines  lie  within  easy  distance,  and  the  celebrated  quarries,  from  which  the  granite 
for  the  Topeka  capitol  is  now  being  cut,  will  repay  inspection. 


38 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


As  Buena  Vista  is  famous  for  its  cottonwoods  and  pinons,  as  well  as  streams,  the 
walks  in  its  vicinity  are  unsurpassed.  There  are  many  leading  to  places  impossible  to 
reach  by  carriage,  or  even  on  horseback,  where  the  pedestrian  will  find  delightful  nooks 
rivahng  in  sylvan  beauty  the  famous  resorts  of  New  England.  An  elegant  hotel,  with 
all  modern  improvements,  named  "The  Princeton,"  is  situated  on  Main  street,  fronting 
the  public  park  and  Cottonwood  Creek,  and  commands  superb  views  of  all  the  neigh- 
boring mountains.  Sportsmen  find  this  the  best  starting  place  for  the  hunting  and 
fishing  grounds  of  Taylor  Park,  the  South  Park  and  Twin  Lake  regions.  This  town 
also  has  a  complete  svstem  of  water  works  and  the  electric  light.  In  brief,  tourists  and 
summer  and  fall  visitors  can  obtain  good  accommodations  here  at  reasonable  prices,  can 
gaze  on  all  varieties  of  scenery  typical  of  Colorado,  while  the  invalid  can  enjoy  here 
pure  air,  pure  water,  a  genial  climate,  medicinal  springs,  and  every  conceivable  comfort. 

Sectional  views  in  "Eleven  Mile  Canon"  (see  illustrations)  give  one  an  idea  of  the 
rugged  beauty  of  the  interior  gorges  of  the  Rocky  Mountains  and  the  apparently  insur- 
mountable difficulties  which  modern  engineering  science  has  successfully  overcome. 


MAIN  STREET,  LOOKING  WEST  BUENA  VISTA. 

This  canon  is  on  the  Midland  Railway,  and  derives  its  name  from  the  fact  that  it  is  just 
eleven  miles  long.  It  is  traversed  by  trains  of  the  Midland  en  route  to  South  Park.  It 
commences  about  three  miles  west  of  Florissant  (seventy  miles  from  Colorado  Springs), 
a  place  noted  for  its  wonderful  petrifactions  and  other  natural  curiosities.  The  scenery 
is  that  which  characterizes  other  canons  —  great  masses  of  rock  piled  (Ossa  upon  Pelion) 
hundreds  of  feet  above  a  turbulent  torrent,  forever  dashing  in  fury  against  the  immov- 
able granite  walls  on  either  side,  and  through  which  it  has  grooved  a  channel  centuries 
old,  in  the  never-ending  warfare  of  its  progress  to  the  plains  below.  Emerging  from  this 
canon,  the  train  speeds  its  way  through  twenty  miles  of  hay  farms  and  meadows  in  the 
beautiful  South  Park  until  it  reaches  Hartzell,  the  next  stopping  place,  distinguished  for 
the  remedial  efficacy  of  its  hot  springs,  and  destined  in  the  future  to  become  a  deserv- 
edly popular  resort. 

"  Loch  Ivanhoe  "  (see  engraving)  is  a  lovely  lake  that  nestles  near  the  summit  of 
the  Snowy  range,  on  the  verge  of  its  western  slope.  It  bursts  upon  the  vision  first  as 
the  traveler  emerges  from  the  famous  "  Hagerman  Tunnel  " —  a  stupendous  bore  that  is 
2,164  feet  long,  18  feet  wide,  16  feet  high  and  hewed  through  solid  rock  at  an  altitude  of 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


39 


11,530  feet.  Its  waters  are  clear  and  pure,  and  on  its  surface  are  reflected  tall,  stalwart 
trees,  the  cool,  gray  summits  of  the  adjacent  mountains  mirrored  in  its  centre,  forming  a 
strong,  yet  agreeable,  contrast  to  the  dark  green  of  the  pines.  Truly  says  a  great  artist, 
"  The  peerless  empire  of  form  and  color  is  found  in  Colorado."  On  every  side,  except- 
ing at  its  narrow  outlet,  appear  the  towering  hills  of.  the  main  range,  those  to  the  north 
being  the  apexes  of  the  Continental  Divide,  whose  snowy  crests  rise  almost  perpendicu- 
larly more  than  a  thousand  feet  above.    On  the  south  and  southeast  the  mountains  are 


GLEN  WOOD  SPRINGS,  BATH  HOUSE,  AND  NATATORIUM. 
covered  with  dense  growths  of  pine,  and  on  the  west  is  the  opening  through  which  the 
"  Frying  Pan  "  (a  name  suggestive  of  the  speckled  trout  that  find  in  its  swift  current  a 
congenial  home),  debouches  into  the  valley  below.     Here  are  the  favorite  picnic  grounds 
for  camping  outfits  from  Leadville,  Aspen,  Colorado  Springs  and  other  cities. 


THE  QUEEN  OF  MOUNTAIN   RESORTS. 

Glenwood  Springs  (see  above  illustration)  in  the  beauty  of  its  location  and  natural 
surroundings  is  unsurpassed,  while  as  the  chosen  Mecca  for  visitors  of  ample  means 
and  leisure,  it  is  already  proving  a  formidable  rival  of  its  elder  sister,  Manitou.  It  is 
situated  at  the.  confluence  of  the  Grand  River  with  the  Roaring  Fork,  in  a  picturesque 


40 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


valley,  surrounded'on  the  north,  east  and  west  by  timber-clad  hills.  In  1885  it  had  but 
about  200  inhabitants.  This  number  rapidly  augmented  upon  the  completion  of  the 
Midland  Railway  to  that  point,  and  the  town  now  has  over  2,500  population.  Its  altitude 
is  about  the  same  as  that  of  Denver— 5,200  feet.  It  is  built  on  a  plateau  that  slopes 
gently  from  the  mountains  on  the  east  to  the  rivers  which  border  it  on  the  west  and 
south,  tnus  affording  it  perfect  natural  drainage.  The  streets,  intersecting  at  right 
angles,  are  broad  and  regular.  The  majority  of  its  business  and  residence  structures 
are  of  brick,  and  of  a  substantial  and  handsome  character.  It  is  lighted  by  incandescent 
electric  illuminators,  and  has  a  system  of  water  works  which  is  all  that  could  be  desired. 
Only  a  few  years  ago  this  place  was  a  part  of  the  Indian  reservation,  and  but  a  very 
few  men  knew  of  the  existence  of  the  marvelous  mineral  springs  which  have  since 


BATHING  ESTABLISHMENT  AND  HOTEL 
made  it  famous  far  and  near.  So  soon,  however,  as  the  country  was  opened  up  to  settle- 
ment, the  site  of  Glenwood  Springs  and  lands  surrounding  it  were  immediately  taken  up 
and  some  improvements  made.  But  two  or  three  years  more  elapsed  before  the  wonders 
of  the  mineral  waters  in  this  locality  and  the  fertility  and  material  resources  of  its 
adjacent  valleys  became  generally  known.  Then  the  town  was  laid  out  and  fine  build- 
ings erected,  although  at  the  time  all  material  had  to  be  transported  thither  across  the 
range  in  heavy  wagons  or  on  the  backs  of  mules.  A  year  subsequent,  the  extension  to 
this  point  of  excellent  systems  of  railway,  splendidly  equipped  for  the  carrying  of 
passengers  and  freight,  gave  it  all  the  requisite  facilities  of  access  and  egress,  and  made 
patent  to  the  outside  world  its  numberless  attractive  resources. 

In  addition  to  the  charm  of  lovely  landscapes,  the  dash  and  sparkle  of  cascades 
upon  resounding  rocks,  the  indescribable  grandeur  of  mountain  scenery,  the  drives  and 
walks  through  valleys  and  canons,  the  climbing  of  mountain  sides  or  ascent  of  peaks, 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACEb. 


41 


and  the  choicest  grounds  in  the  world  for  hunting  and  fishing  in  its  vicinity  to  allure  and 
gratify  the  summer  visitor,  Glenwood  Springs  now  possesses  elegantly  appointed  hotels, 
replete  with  every  convenience,  and  boasts  of  the  most  complete  sanitarium  and  bathing 
establishment  on  this  continent,  and  we 
doubt,  all  things  considered,  if  any  country 
in  the  world  has  anything  of  the  kind  that 
surpasses  it. 

The  thermal  springs  of  this  section  are 
numerous.  Some  of  them,  in  the  bottom  for 
the  Grand  River,  at  high  water  mark  are 
submerged.  The  outflow  of  ten  of  the  large 
springs  is  about  8,000  gallons  per  minute,  or 
twenty  times  as  much  as  all  the  fifty-seven 
springs  at  Hot  Springs,  in  Arkansas,  com- 
bined. One,  called  the  Yampa,  is  located  on 
an  island  in  the  river  channel,  which  has 
now  been  elevated  above  the  reach  of  high 
water  and  converted  into  a  beautiful  garden 
spot,  on  whose  surface  a  mammoth  sanita- 
rium and  bathing  estabUshment  has  been  57-£/iAf  bath  in  "BIG  POOL" 
erected.  In  the  rear  of  this  commodious  structure  (an  accurate  view  of  which  is  given 
in  our  last  page  engraving)  is  the  "  Big  Pool,"  a  natatorium  copiously  supplied  with  a 
constant  influx  of  hot  salt  water. 

Some  of  the  valuable  leading  elements  of  the  waters,  as  demonstrated  by  analysis, 
are:  Chloride  of  sodium,  magnesia  (twenty-six  grains  per  gallon),  sulphate  of  potassia, 
bicarbonate  of  lithia,  bromide  and  iodide  of  sodium,  and  other  salts  held  in  solution,  the 
combination  having  proved  remarkably  efficacious  in  the  alleviation  and  cure  of  many 
classes  of  ailments.  Upon  persons  of  robust  or  even  moderately  good  health  these  hot 
salt  baths  have  a  most  refreshing  and  exhilarating  effect,  acting  both  as  a  tonic  and  a 
stimulant. 

The  elegant  sanitarium  or  bath  house  absorbed  in  its  construction  over  $100,000  of 
5250,000  appropriated  for  local  improvements.  It  is  a  large  building,  set  in  a  beautiful 
park  on  the  banks  of  the  river,  with  terraced  lawns,  in  the  midst  of  picturesque  walks 
and  pleasant  drives,  the  mountains  forming  a  sombre  background  for  a  picture  at  all 
times  cheerful  and  animated.  Its  walls  are  of  solid  masonry,  the  red  sandstone  of  the 
Canon  Diablo  being  the  material  used.  The  partitions  for  halls  and  bath  rooms  are  of 
pressed  brick  of  a  deep  red  and  light  cream  hue,  the  two  colors  making  a  very  pleasant 
contrast.  The  ladies'  parlor,  the  physician's  office,  the  smoking  and  reading  rooms,  are 
large  and  airy,  commanding  fine  views  of  the  mountains,  valleys  and  rivers.  The  bath 
rooms  are  large,  light  and  well  ventilated,  and  their  furnishing  is  of  the  best.  The  tubs 
are  porcelain,  as  are  also  the  large  plates  which  protect  the  adjacent  walls.  Each  bath 
room  is  supplied  with  dressing  apartments  and  other  conveniences  separate  from  the 
bath  proper.  The  arrangement  for  supplying  the  bath  tubs  with  both  mineral  and  pure 
water  at  different  temperatures  is  the  result  of  months  of  study  and  experiment,  and  the 
results  achieved  are  as  nearly  perfect  as  possible.  The  pipes  used  are  selected  for  their 
special  adaptation  to  the  mineral  waters,  as  are  all  the  materials  which  come  in  contact 
with  them.  The  attendants  are  prompt,  courteous  and  efficient — the  medical  adviser 
skillful  and  experienced. 


42 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


The  "  Big  Pool,"  or  natatorium,  covers  about  ah  acre,  and  the  water  it  contains  is 
graduated  from  a  depth  of  four  and  one-half  to  five  and  one-half  feet.  It  is  enclosed 
by  a  low  wall  of  red  sandstone,  and  has  a  bottom  of  pressed  brick.  Near  the  centre  of 
this  immense  swimming  pool  the  hot  water,  like  a  miniature  geyser  (see  vignette),  forces 
itself,  in  jets  of  steam,  to  the  surface.  Here,  during  the  season,  hundreds  of  people 
gather  every  evening  and  eagerly  avail  themselves  of  the  opportunity  to  enjoy  a  swim 
in  the  tepid  waters,  while  as  many  more  promenade  along  the  bordering  walks,  watch- 
ing with  delight  the  sportive  antics  of  the  bathers.  It  may  seem  incredible  that,  with- 
out discomfort  or  danger  to  health,  one  can  indulge  in  the  luxury  of  a  swim  in  a  large 
body  of  hot  salt  water  in  the  very  heart  of  the  mountains,  exposed  to  the  night  air,  at 
any  season  of  the  year,  but  a  plunge  in  this  pool,  whether  in  AuL';ust  or  December,  will 


ENTRANCE  TO  THE  CANON  OF  THE  GRAND. 
convince,  through  the  senses  of  sight  and  feeling,  the. most  skeptical.  The  hot  water 
(120°  Fahrenheit)  pours  into  this  pool  at  the  rate  of  4,000  gallons  per  minute,  this  inflow 
being  reduced  to  the  requisite  temperature  by  the  admission  of  cold  water. 

The  Canon  of  the  Grand  commences  at  the  very  edge  of  Glenwood  Springs  and 
courses  for  sixteen  miles  through  massive  mountains,  the  walls  on  either  side  rising 
terrace  above  terrace  in  serried  ranks,  at  some  points  shooting  up  to  a  height  of  2,000 
feet  in  towering  columns  and  gigantic  turrets.  The  canon  is  pervaded  by  sombre  still- 
ness, broken  only  by  the  unceasing  roar  of  the  torrent  that  plunges  between.  The 
sunlight  touches  the  summits  of  its  lofty  pines,  but  never  penetrates  its  deep  recesses, 
where  the  awful  shadow  of  darkness  rests,  solemn  and  undisturbed.  In  the  above  illus- 
tration a  view  is  presented  of  the  entrance  of  this  canon,  which  is  one  of  the  most 
magnificent  in  the  State.  In  the  right  foreground,  indications  are  observable  of  one  of 
the  natural  vapor  baths  in  this  section,  which  are  singular  freaks  of  nature,  dense 
volumes  of  medicated  steam  rising  from  the  super-heated  mineral  waters  beneath. 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


43 


The  scenic  wonders  of  a  large  area  of  country  tributary  to  Glenwood  Springs  are  as 
varied  and  striking  as  they  are  numerous.  No  Name  Canon  is  only  three  miles 
distant,  through  which  the  waters  of  a  creek  rush  headlong  to  plunge  into  the  depths  of 
the  River  Grand.  Though  small  in  size,  it  is  a  local  feature  of  rare  beauty,  its  beetling 
crags  covered  with  whispering  pines.  Up  the  Grand  River,  Grizzly  Canon  discloses 
another  gorge,  wild  and  awe-inspiring.  Un  either  side,  perpendicular  cliffs  tower  high 
in  the  air.  The  bottom  is  a  huge  aggregation  of  boulders  and  rough  blocks  of  stone 
that  have  fallen,  among  which  spruces  and  pines  have  grown  to  stately  proportions,  and 
through  these  obstructions  dashes  the  creek,  a  mass  of  foam.  A  rough  trail  winds 
along  its  side,  affording  views  of  extraordinary  beauty  and  impressiveness.    For  ten  or 


DOME  ROCK  IN    ELEVEN  MILE  CANON."' 


twelve  miles  the  canon  extends  into  the  mountain  fastnesses.  Its  upper  end  is  yet  the 
home,  of  the  bear,  while  in  the  stream  of  this  and  other  canons  are  myriads  of  trout. 
Dead  Horse  Canon,  still  further  up  the  Grand  River,  is  reached,  not  without  laborious 
climbing  over  rock  slides  and  along  huge  fragmentary  walls,  but  when  attained  the 
-hardy  pedestrian  will  be  amply  rewarded  for  his  efforts.  The  Meteor  Falls  are  two 
miles  above  the  mouth  of  this  canon,  and  are  said  to  be  the  most  singularly  beautiful 
of  all  the  wonderful  waterfalls  of  the  Rocky  Mountains.  A  clear,  sparkling  stream 
comes  plunging  down  the  canon  to  a  point  where  there  is  no  longer  rock  for  it  to  flow 
upon.  Instead  of  bounding  over  the  precipice,  the  waters  sink  into  diverging  crevices 
in  the  rock,  and,  emerging  through  different  apertures  in  the  face  of  the  wall,  below  the 
brink,  spurt  in  a  score  of  separate  jets,  falling  in  a  shower  of  flashing  white  to  the  bottom 


44  COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 

of  the  canon.  Another  object  of  admiring  interest  is  "Alexander's  Cave,"  where  the 
stalactite  and  other  formations  are  on  a  much  grander  scale  than  have  hitherto  been 
discovered  in  similar  caverns  in  Colorado, 

From  the  summit  of  the  mountain,  which  towers  skyward  just  east  of  Glenwood 
Springs,  and  which  is  reached  after  a  walk  of  three  miles  over  a  good  trail,  a  glorious 
landscape  unfolds  itself  to  the  gaze  of  the  delighted  tourist.  The  town  spreads  out  at 
the  base  2,000  feet  below.  For  seventy  miles  east  extends  a  chain  of  the  glistening 
snow -crowned  peaks  of  the  continental  divide.  To  the  north  stretches  the  great  White 
River  Plateau.  Looking  south  fifty  miles  over  the  intervening  valleys  of  the  Roaring 
Fork  and  Crystal  rivers,  the  lofty  summits  of  the  Elk  range  are  seen,  while  west  the  eye 
spans  the  valley  of  the  Grand  River  to  the  Book  Cliffs,  whose  majestic  outlines,  ninety 
miles  distant,  are  clearly  defined.  The  distance  from  Denver  to  Glenwood  Springs  is 
220  miles,  and  the  scenery  en  route  by  either  the  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  or  Midland  Rail- 
way is  grand  beyond  description. 


IDAHO  SPRINGS  AND  ITS  SURROUNDINGS. 

Idaho  Springs  is  located  at  a  point  distant  only  thirty-eight  miles  from  Denver, 
where  Clear  Creek  Canon  debouches  upon  a  wide,  open  plateau.  Its  altitude  is  7,500 
feet  above  sea  level.  It  nestles  in  a  basin,  encircled  on  nearly  all  sides  by  mountains; 
north  by  the  towering  "Belleview,"  and  south  by  gently  receding  ranges,  gashed  by 
gorges  cut  by  the  waters  of  Chicago  and  Soda  creeks.  Beyond  the  nearer  mountains 
we  catch  glimpses  of  the  Alpine  glory  of  remoter  peaks.  As  a  health  resort,  it  is 
admirably  situated.  Its  climate  renders  it  very  desirable  as  a  place  of  permanent 
residence  —  its  atmosphere  being  unusually  free  from  moisture,  and  especially  soothing 
to  those  suffering  from  bronchial  troubles. 

There  is  no  extreme  cold  here  in  winter,  and  the  average  temperature  is  80°  in 
summer.  There  are  no  soaking  rainfalls,  but  rather  brief  showers,  which  come  abruptly 
and  as  quickly  pass  away,  followed  by  clear  and  sunny  skies.  The  Autumn  months 
are,  if  possible,  the  most  enjoyable  of  any  in  the  year,  and  out-door  weather  is  charming 
up  to  Christmas.  Snow  begins  to  fall  usually  in  December,  and  continues  till  March, 
but  the  aggregate  is  not  heavy.  A  week's  continuous  sleighing  is  unusual,  and  nowhere 
else  in  the  world  does  winter  assume  and  maintain  a  more  bland  and  inviting  aspect. 

This  village  is  older  than  Manitou,  and  has  a  resident  population  of  2,000  enterpris-. 
ing  and  public-spirited  citizens.  The  school  building  here  is  a  fine  edifice  that  cost 
$20,000,  and  has  a  competent  corps  of  instructors  in  charge.  There  are  three  denom- 
inational houses  of  worship;  business  blocks  of  modern  build;  an  electric  light  system 
put  in  at  an  expense  of  $12,000;  an  ample  supply  of  delicious  water  distributed  through 
wooden  pipes  from  a  reservoir  on  Soda  Hill;  hotel  and  livery  accommodations  of  the 
best  and  fully  commensurate  to  the  requirements  of  a  large  watering  place;  residences 
uniformly  tasteful,  and,  in  many  instances,  costly  and  elegant. 

The  hot  mineral  waters  here,  that  flow  from  nature's  fountains  in  the  mountain's 
side,  justly  merit  the  wide  popularity  they  have  obtained.  Their  owner,  Mr.  H.  Mon- 
tague, gives  them  his  personal  supervision,  and  has  erected,  within  easy  walking 
distance  of  the  principal  hotels,  a  large  natatorium,  with  dressing  rooms  and  every 
desirable  convenience.  At  all  seasons  of  the  year,  his  place  is  thronged  with  delighted 
visitors,  plunging,  swimming  ..nd  disporting  themselves  in  the  tepid  waters,  which  are 
kept  fresh  and  pure  from  a  constant  inflowing  stream.    There  are  several  hot  springs, 


46  COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 

occupying  a  belt  of  land  at  the  foot  ot  Santa  Fe  mountain,  with  bath  houses  near  at 
hand,  the  swimming  pools,  however,  being  the  most  liberally  patronized.  The  curative 
properties  of  the  waters  resemble  and  are  claimed  to  be  as  efficacious  as  those  of 
Carlsbad,  and  are  found  beneficial  in  a  wide  range  of  maladies,  being  especially  useful 
in  the  treatment  of  disordered  conditions  of  the  blood  and  skin,  stomach,  liver  and 
urinary  organs. 

"The  Hot  Cavern"  is  famous  among  objects  of  interest  in  this  vicinity.  It  is  an 
excavation  twelve  feet  high,  penetrating  Santa  Fe  mountain  about  seventy  feet.  At  its 
extreme  end  rises  a  fountain  of  hot  mineral  water,  the  source  of  supply  for  a  large  bath 
hollowed  out  of  the  rock  floor.  The  air  is  extremely  hot  and  heavily  laden  with  vapor. 
The  first  effect  is  almost  stifling,  but  when  that  sensation  wears  away  the  visitor 
receives  all  the  benefits  to  be  derived  from  a  Turco-Russian  bath.  Rheumatic  and 
paralytic  patients  are  in  many  instances  cured  and  rejuvenated  by  this  treatment. 

From  the  surroundings  of  Idaho  Springs,  the  appreciative  tourist  derives  a  constant 
and  ever  increasing  pleasure.  The  "Chicago  Lakes"  (reached  by  a  short  drive), 
immortalized  in  Bierstadt's  great  picture  of  "A  Storm  in  the  Rocky  Mountains,"  are  the 
highest  on  the  continent.  They  are  three  in  number,  rising  one  above  the  other,  the 
uppermost  being  at  so  great  a  height  that  it  is  frozen  over  all  the  year  round.  The  first, 
or  lowest  one,  is  connected  with  the  second  above  by  a  stream  that  rushes  over  it  in  a 
foaming  torrent — the  water  of  the  unfrozen  lakes  being  clear  as  crystal  and  their  limpid 
depths  alive  with  trout.  Far  above  them  tower  huge  cliffs,  crags  and  rifted  ledges, 
that  offer  a  secure  retreat  for  mountain  sheep  and  deer  when  hunted  by  the  prowling 
lion  or  bear.  The  adjacent  piney  woods  are  the  haunts  of  wild  quail,  chattering  mag- 
pies and  snow-shoe  rabbits.  "  Echo  Lake,"  nine  miles  from  the  Springs,  reposes  in  its 
rock-scooped  basin  at  an  altitude  of  10,000  feet.  It  covers  fifty  acres,  and  is  surrounded 
by  a  dense  forest  of  pines.  It  has  been  stocked  with  trout,  and  is  already  a  favorite 
resort  for  sportsmen. 


GEORGETOWN,  GREEN  LAKE  AND  GRAY'S  PEAK 
VIA  CLEAR  CREEK  CANON. 

The  tourist  arriving  at  the  Union  Railway  Station  in  Denver,  in  the  elegant  Vesti- 
bule Express  Trains  of  The  Chicago,  Rock  Island  &  Pacific  Railway,  will  find  a  journey  up 
Clear  Creek  Canon  both  a  pleasant  and  profitable  experience.  The  Colorado  Central 
(U.  P.  Branch),  which  penetrates  the  once  deemed  impassable  heights  and  depths  of  the 
mountains  up  this  picturesque  canon,  was  the  first  of  its  kind  constructed  in  Colorado, 
and  when  completed  was  considered,  what  it  still  is,  and  ever  will  be,  a  remarkable 
achievement  of  engineering  skill. 

The  road  bed  of  this  line  was  blasted  through  one  of  the  wildest  and  most  pictur- 
esque gorges  in  Colorado.  Clear  Creek  Canon  is  a  marvelous  cliff,  worn  through  solid 
rock  by  the  torrent  that  roars  and  dashes  along  its  channel  with  the  same  impetuous 
fury  as  it  did  thousands  of  years  ago.  The  sides  of  the  canon,  worn  by  the  incessant 
attrition  of  waters,  assume  a  thousand  grotesque  forms,  frequently  rising  from  500  to 
1,500  feet  high,  over  which  a  narrow  strip  of  sky  only  can  be  seen.  In  places  the 
stately  pine  and  fir  grow  thickly,  and  soften  the  ruggedness  of  the  steep  incline.  Inter- 
secting gullies  are  also  sometimes  crossed,  through  which  rivulets  course,  sparkling  in 
the  sunlight  as  it  strikes  across  and  relieves  with  its  brightness  the  otherwise  gloomy 
grandeur  of  the  scene. 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


47 


At  the  thriving  city  of  Golden  (fifteen  miles  from  Denver),  once  a  prosperous  min- 
ing- camp,  the  ascent  up  the  magnificent  gorge  begins  and  continues  for  sixty  miles 
through  marvels  of  scenery,  whose  majestic  beauty  and  grandeur  no  word  painting  can 
adequately  describe.  The  road  closely  hugs  the  channel  worn  by  the  mountain  torrent 
which  for  centuries  has  madly  plunged  down  this  mighty  chasm.  Approaching  the 
"  Pavilion  "  (often  frequented  by  summer  excursionists  from  Denver),  the  jagged  over- 
hanging cliff  (portrayed  in  our  engraving  below)  is  observed.  It  is  but  one  of  the 
hundreds  of  characteristic  rock  features  that  challenge  attention  as  the  traveler  glides 
along  the  grim  mountain  walls,  which  are  at  times  close  enough  to  touch  with  the  hand 
as  he  passes  by.  The  steepness  to  be  surmounted  is  shown  by  the  grade,  up  which  the 
engine  labors  so  sturdily,  which  at  some  points  is  217  feet  to  the  mile. 

At  Forks  Creek,  twenty-nine  miles  from  Denver  and  6,880  feet  above  sea  level,  one 
branch  of  the  road  shoots  ofiF  to  the  right  to  Central  City  and  Black  Hawk,  eleven  miles 
distant.  The  other  continues  on  to  Idaho  Springs,  a  charming  little  town,  briefly 
described  in  the  next  previous  chapter. 
Here  we  reach  an  altitude  of  7,543  feet, 
a  rise  of  2  378  feet  in  thirty-eight  miles 
from  Denver.  The  next  fourteen  miles 
to  Georgetown  (like  the  previous  dis- 
tance) is  made  on  the  fast  schedule 
time  of  fifteen  miles  an  hour,  and  the 
passenger  will  think  this  quite  fast 
enough.  The  engines  puff  and  hiss  and 
tremble  as  they  struggle  with  their 
load,  and  cross  from  one  side  of  the 
canon  to  the  other,  now  dodging  behind 
a  gigantic  boulder;  now  creeping  under 
a  threatening  ledge  of  rocks;  then  sud- 
denly rushing  to  the  other  side  to  get  a 
foothold  on  the  narrow  shelf  at  the 
water's  edge,  crowding  closely  to  the 
flinty  walls  of  the  beetling  cliffs,  which 
rise  hundreds  of  feet  above  the  stream 
and  form  many  a  dome  and  battlement 
at  their  summits. 

Georgetown  (a  view  of  which  from 
a  point  on  the  old  Empire  toll-road 
overlooking  the  valley  is  given  on  next 
page)  is  a  city  of  4,000  people,  who  are 
chiefly  engaged  in  mining  and  its  kin- 
dred occupations.  It  is  surrounded  on 
three  sides  by  mountains,  and  glistens 
like  a  gem  in  silver  setting.  Two  miles 
beyond  and  2,000  feet  higher  is  the  beau- 
tiful "Green  Lake"  (elsewhere  por- 
trayed), which  is  within  easy  reach  of  Georgetown,  "  In  soundless  calm  (says  an  enthusi- 
astic eulogist)  it  peacefully  reposes  at  an  altitude  of  10,000  feet  above  the  humdrum 
world.     Caught  up  and  held  by  the  rugged   majesty  of   the   mountains,   its   beauty 


HANGING  ROCK,"  IN  CLEAR  CREEK  CANON. 


48 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


VlEy^  OF  GEORGETOWN,  COLORADO,  FROM  THE  OLD  EMPIRE  TOLL  ROAD. 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES.  49 

subdues  and  softens  the  great  heart  of  the  Rockies,  and  gives  a  touch  of  tenderness  and 
watchfulness  to  the  great  peaks  that  guard  its  loveliness.  On  the  near  shore  stand 
comfortable  and  convenient  houses,  a  good  wharf,  well  supplied  with  boats,  while  its 
serene  and  untroubled  depths  give  a  home  to  thousands  of  mountain  trout.  '  Although 
the  lake  is  clear  and  translucent,  clearer  than  any  simile  of  crystal  can  express,  the 
basin  that  holds  it  is  green;  the  sand  is  green;  the  moss  that  chngs  to  the  rocks  or  idly 
floats  to  the  sport  of  the  ripples  is  green,  and  even  the  tiny  drops  that  fall  from  the 
feathering  oar  bear  the  same  inexplicable  tinge  that  has  given  this  wondrous  lake  its 
name.  Always  beautiful,  yet  it  is  only  in  the  declining  hours  of  the  day  that  Green 
Lake  gives  a  gleam  of  its  spectral  and  wondrous  depths.  Then  through  its  clear 
waters  is  seen  the  buried  forest,  with  its  stately  trees  turned  to  stone,  still  erect,  but 


GREEN  LAKE,''  NEAR  GEORGETOWN;   10,000  FEET  ABOVE  SEA  LEVEL. 

the  tall  heads  and  branches  that  once  bended  only  to  the  mountain  breezes,  now  lie  in 
the  depth  of  the  lake  in  the  unutterable  stillness  of  the  dead." 

This  lake  is  alive  with  mountain  trout,  and,  while  in  itself  amply  repaying  the  tourist 
for  a  visit,  is  within  easily  accessible. points  in  the  mountains  of  equal,  if  not  superior, 
mterest,  where  excellent  hunting,  as  well  as  fishing,  can  be  had,  and  views  of  the 
grandest  scenery  obtained.  About  seven  miles  away  is  the  famous  Argentine  Pass,  to  the 
summit  of  which  a  good  wagon  road,  the  highest  on  the  continent,  extends.  From  the 
top  of  this  pass,  before  the  eye  of  the  astonished  visitor,  lies  spread  out  a  grand  pan- 
orama. Range  after  range  of  snow-capped  peaks  are  visible,  many  of  which  lift  their 
lofty  summits  far  above  timber  line.  Just  in  front  is  Gray's  Peak,  one  of  the  loftiest  in 
Colorado.  Away  to  the  west  rises  the  Mount  of  the  Holy  Cross,  while  far  toward  the 
south,  seventy-five  miles  distant,  Pike's  Peak  lifts  its  solitary  head. 


50 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


Still  nearer,  seemingly  at  one's  feet,  but  really  miles  away,  is  the  South  Park,  one 
of  the  great  natural  gardens  of  Colorado,  surrounded  by  high  mountains;  while  off  to 
the  east,  in  the  hazy  distance,  lie  the  plains,  stretching  away  in  the  direction  of  the  Mis- 
souri. Mt.  Evans  is  only  six 
miles  from  Green  Lake,  and 
has  about  the  same  elevation 
as  Gray's  Peak,  the  view  from 
its  summit  being  almost  as 
fine.  It  is  quite  easy  of  access. 
An  excellent  trail  also  leads  to 
Highland  Park,  a  favorite 
picnic  resort,  four  miles  distant 
from  Green  Lake. 

One  of  the  chief  objects  of 
interest  after  leaving  George- 
town is  the  "  Bow  Knot  Loop," 
by  means  of  which  the  most 
THE  SUMMIT  OF  "GRAY'S  PEAK."  difficult   possible    grades   are 

surmounted,  and  the  train,  repeatedly  doubling  on  its  track,  at  last  gains  an  ascent 
necessary  to  reach  Silver  Plume  and  the  terminus  of  the  road  at  Graymont.  From  this 
point  the  ascent  to  the  majestic  summit  of  Gray's  Peak  (see  vignette)  can  be  made  with 
little  difficulty  and  no  danger.  The  locality,  when  reached,  is  a  bleak,  barren  spot  and 
by  no  means  inviting,  even  as  a  summer  residence.  But  the  infinitely  grand  and  com- 
prehensive view  it  commands  on  all  sides  (unsurpassed  even  by  that  to  be  witnessed 
from  Pike's  Peak)  when  once  seen  can  never  be  forgotten.  Those  who  have  traversed 
the  globe  admit  that  it  affords  but  one  such  prospect. 

"  In  every  direction,"  (says  an  enthusiastic  writer),  "  spurs  of  the  Rocky  Mountains 
bewilder  the  eye  till  remoteness  swallows  them  up.  Pike's  Peak  is  a  neighbor;  Lin- 
coln's and  Long's  seem  near.  The  smoke  of  a  score  of  towns  is  seen.  Every  park  in 
the  State  may  be  located.  Rivers  can  be  traced  from  source  to  mouth.  Eastward  are 
the  plains — a  waterless  ocean — each  town  a  fleet,  each  home  a  sail,  each  grove  an  island. 
A  dozen  peaks  over  14,000  feet  high  are  visible.  The  '  Holy  Cross,'  like  a  sacred  seal, 
glints  in  the  sunlight  miles  away.  The  Uintah  Mountains  (in  Utah)  are  faint,  but  dis- 
tinct, and  so  are  the  Spanish  peaks,  which  keep  watch  at  the  line  between  Colorado  and 
New  Mexico.  To  see  the  sun  rise  here  is  a  tourist's  triumph.  Gradually  the  stars  fade 
out,  and  Gray's  Peak  (the  grim,  granite  monarch)  shines  with  borrowed  luster,  giving 
back  faintly  the  glow  of  the  coming  morning.  A  thousand  mountains  turn  rosy  before 
Aurora's  approach,  and  then  burst  into  responsive  radiance  as  she  asserts  full  sway. 
The  valley  below  is  covered  up  in  darkness,  until  the  light  that  quenches  the  stars  falls 
upon  it.  The  landscape,  at  first  but  a  vast  expanse  without  shape  or  limit,  resolves  itself 
into  an  army  of  mountains,  gathered  in  stupendous  array  about  this  '  Dome  of  the 
Continent.'  " 


PLATTE  CANON,  LONG'S  PEAK  AND  ESTES  PARK. 

Among  our  illustrations  (all  of  which  are  engraved  from  photographs  taken  on  the 
spot)  are  two  designated  respectively,  "  Chalk  Cliffs  "  and  the  "  Mouth  of  Deer  Creek." 
These  are  located  in  Platte  Canon,  onq  of  the  most  ^^randly^  beautiful  of  the  many 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


5i 


gorges  of  the  Rocky  Mountains  —  carved  by  the  resistless  energy  of  torrents  which 
have  forced  their  way  through  granite  cliffs  to  the  plains  below  with  a  fury  that  cen- 
turies of  time  have  not  abated.  This  canon  is  traversed  by  the  Denver  &  South  Park 
(U.  P.  branch),  whose  trains  leave  daily  from  the  Union  Railway  Depot  in  Denver.  The 
road  enters  the  canon  where  the  Platte  River  leaves  it,  about  twenty  miles  from  the 
city.  Its  general  aspect  resembles  that  of  Clear  Creek.  It  is  the  same  in  being  a  rocky 
chasm  and  its  bed  a  rushing  stream,  but  different  in  its  wild  contour.  The  entrance  is 
between  lofty  and  forbidding  walls,  the  steep  ascent  of  Kenosha  Hill  revealing  scenic 
surprises,  as  wonderful  and  Alpine  in  character  as  can  be  imagined  —  and  these  con- 
tinue a  distance  of  fifty  miles  (affording  occasional  space  for  picturesque  little  hamlets, 
where  trout  and  game  are  abundant)  until  the  magnificently  spacious  South  Park  is 
reached.  The  curves  of  the  track  are  at  times  so  abrupt  as  it  climbs  upward  that  the 
train  seems  as  if  it  was  about  to  dash  against  the  face  of  opposing  cliffs,  but  clinging  to 


'CHALK  CLIFFS,"  ROCK  FORMATIONS  IN  THE  PLATTE  CANON. 

the  heavy  steel  rails,  and  dragged  and  propelled  at  times  by  double  engines,  it  turns 
suddenly  and  passes  in  safety.  The  way  through  the  canon  is  marked  by  a  rapid  suc- 
cession of  sharp  curves,  close  to  the  overhanging  rocks,  often  crossing  the  Platte  River. 
In  places  the  brows  of  the  cliffs  on  either  side  are  so  near  as  almost  to  exclude  the  sun- 
light. The  singular  rock  formations,  and  the  terrific  natural  forces  which  created  and 
fashioned  them,  constitute  themes  for  study  and  research  of  which  the  geologist  never 
wearies. 

We  give  two  illustrations  of  views  in  Estes  Park,  one  from  "  Rocky  Point"  and  the 
other  from  what  is  called  "  Frank's  Ranch."  In  the  latter  the  pure  stream  of  water 
sprawling  over  sparkling  pebbles,  in  the  foreground,  and  the  wild  beauty  of  its  immedi- 
ate surroundings,  with  the  snow-covered  range  in  the  far  distance,  form  a  picture  as 
harmonious  in  combination  and  exquisite  in  detail  as  an  Arcadian  dream.  The  view 
from  Rocky  Point  is  equally  as  grand  and  comprehensive.  Estes  Park  is  a  favorite 
health  and  pleasure  resort  for  citizens  of  Denver  and  the  near  valley  towns.  Portions 
of  it  are  like  wide  expanses  of  meadow  land  —  emerald  gems  in  a  rock  setting.  It 
abounds  in  gentle  declivities,  dark  pines,  and  beautiful  paths  leading  up  from  open 


51 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


glades  to  picturesque  canons  that  invite  and  reward  the  curiosity  of  those  who  explore 
their  depths.  Its  clear  brooks,  fed  by  snow-banks  high  up  on  the  mountain  sides,  and 
filled  with  speckled  trout,  unite  in  one  stream,  the  Big  Thompson  Creek,  which, 
breaking  through  the  hills,  winds  its  way  out  among  the  fertile  fields  on  the  plains  be- 
low. The  keynote  that  adds  an  element  of  sublimity  to  the  pictorial  beauty  of  scenes 
in  this  park  is  the  eternal,  overawing  presence  of  Long's  Peak  (named  after  one  of  the 
early  explorers  of  the  country),  one  of  the  three  mighty  monarchs  of  the  range  (Pike's 
Peak,  Gray's  Peak  and  Long's  Peak),  which  first  challenges  the  admiration  and  rivets 
the  attention  of  strangers  arriving  in  Denver.  The  peaks  named  are  respectively 
14,147,  14,341  and  14,271  feet  high.     Long's  Peak  is  to  the  city  of  Denver  what  Pike*^ 


SCENE  IN  "ESTES  PARK,"  AND  "SNOWY  RANGE"  FROM  "FRANK'S  RANCH." 

Peak  is  to  Colorado  Springs,  the  most  conspicuous  object  of  the  entire  mountain  range 
extending  a  distance  of  200  miles  north  and  south. 

What  is  said  of  the  parks  of  Colorado  in  general,  is  particularly  appropriate  to 
Estes  Park.  "  To  fully  understand  them  they  must  be  seen.  No  description  can  do 
them  justice,  and  neither  the  skill  of  a  Bierstadt  or  Moran  could  picture  their  pure 
atmosphere,  nor  reproduce  their  colors  and  forms.  In  the  city  a  park  is  a  huge  square, 
with  trees  in  checker-board  primness,  where  the  lakes  have  fish  as  tame  as  chickens  ; 
the  animals  are  in  cages,  and  are  neither  attractive  nor  natural.  But  how  different  a 
mountain  park !  The  range  kindly  parts  to  give  it  room,  and  shields  it  in  its  great 
arms.  There  are  grassy  hills  and  dales,  where  feed  the  noblest  game,  and  trees  which 
shelter  birds  of  plumage  and  song.  The  lakes — some  of  them  miles  in  length  — are 
rippled  by  the  coming  and  going  of  ducks  and  geese.    The  streams  bear  along,  eager 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


53 


for  the  bait  of  the  angler,  their  speckled  loads  of  trout,  most  delicious  as  they  brown 
over  the  evening's  coals.  There  are  no  precise  graveled  walks,  and  no  elaborate  foun- 
tains, but  the  footfall  is  lost  on  the  turf,  and  springs  gush  forth  with  sparkling  tune  to 
gladden  the  thirsty  with  a  liquid  such  as  never  ran  through  the  rusty  pipes  of  a  city. 
The  altitude  gives  coolness  without  chill,  and  warmth  without  oppressive  heat." 

Estes  Park  has  an  area  of  ten  miles  square,  with  an  average  elevation  of  8,000  feet 
above  sea  level.    In  the  opinion  of  many  it  is  the  most  beautiful  representative  and 


MOUTH  OF  "deer  CREEK,"  IN    PLATTE  CANON. 

type  of  the  wonderful  Colorado  park  system.  It  is  only  sixty  miles  from  Denver. 
Passengers  landing  in  this  capital  and  chief  metropolis  of  Colorado  by  THE  ROCK  ISLAND 
Route  can  take  the  train  which  leaves  daily  (except  Sundays)  for  Loveland,  connecting 
with  through  stages  from  that  point  to  destination.  Visitors  stop  for  dinner  about  noon 
at  Rattlesnake  Park,  after  an  incomparable  drive  over  one  of  the  most  wild  and  pic- 
turesque mountain  roads,  and  reach  the  park  about  5  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  The 
stage  ride,  with  its  superb  views,  is  alone  worth  the  trip.  At  one  point  on  the  line  over 
thirty-five  lakes  among  the  foothills  and  on  the  plains  can  be  seen  from  the  coach. 
From  the  top  of  Bald  Mountain  and  Pole  Hill,  views  are  obtained  of  the  lovely  valleys 
of  the  Cache  la  Poudre,  the  Big  Thompson  and  St.  Vrain.    The  view  of  Estes  Park 


54 


COLORADO  CITIES  AND  PLACES. 


iand  Snowy  Range  from  Park  Hill,  just  before  the  descent  is  made,  is  one  of  the  grand- 
est scenes  to  be  witnessed  in  the  Rocky  Mountains.  There  are  plentiful  accommoda- 
tions in  the  park  of  every  kind,  and  at  reasonable  prices. 

Excursion  parties  are  frequent  in  summer,  and  the  visitors  from  "  at  home  "  an^ 
abroad  are  numerous.  Many  people  from  neighboring  towns  and  cities  are  in  the  habit 
of  taking  their  families  and  friends  by  private  conveyance  to  Estes  Park,  carrying 
along  their  own  provisions  and  tent  equipage,  and  camping  by  some  of  the  delightful 
streams  so  numerous  there,  where  they  can  rest,  recuperate,  hunt  or  fish,  sketch  or 
paint,  and  enjoy  for  the  time  being,  as  best  suits  their  individual  tastes,  an  entire  forget- 
f ulness  of  business  and  its  cares.    A  carriage  drive  from  Denver  to  the  very  summit  of 


'ESTES  PARK,"  WE  "SNOWY  RANGE"  AND  "LONG'S  PEAK"  FROM  ROCKY  POINT." 
Long's  Peak  is  practicable,  though  the  rail  and  stage  mode  of  conveyance  is  less 
fatiguing.  The  ascent  of  the  peak  itself  is  somewhat  difficult,  though  the  way  has  been 
made  comparatively  smooth  by  graded  roads.  It  is  a  day's  journey,  but  the  ambitious 
visitor  will  be  amply  compensated  for  his  trouble,  for  there  is  no  other  point  of  vantage 
in  the  great  mountain  chain  that  gives  at  once  a  more  glorious  vision  of  cloud,  park  and 
plain.  The  view  covers  an  extent  of  400  miles,  taking  in  every  prominent  peak  of  the 
San  Juan,  Sangre  de  Christo,  Saguache,  Wood  River  and  other  great  continental  ranges. 


•^ 


SUPPLEMENTARY  INFORMATION. 


The  following  comprises  a  few  of  the  many  other  Mineral  Springs  in  Colorado 
(not  mentioned  in  preceding  chapters)  which  are  credited  with  rare  medicinal  virtues, 
and  are  situated  amid  surroundings  of  extraordinary  scenic  beauty  : 

PARNASSUS  SPRINGS  (muriated  alkaline  water);  12  miles  southwest  from  Pueblo. 

CLARK'S  MAGNETIC  SPRING  (a  short  drive  from  that  city);  a  specific  for  Bright's  disease. 

CARLISLE  SPRINGS  ;  on  the  Arkansas  river,  20  miles  above  Pueblo. 

TRIMBLE  HOT  SPRINGS;  9  miles  north  of  Durango,  in  the  Arkansas  valley. 

At  WAGON  WHEEL  GAP ;  mineral  springs  of  hot  and  cold  water,  baths  and  swimming  reservoirs. 

SODA  SPRINGS  ;  a  5  mile  boulevard  drive  from  Leadville. 

COTTONWOOD  SPRINGS ;  carriage  drive,  6  miles  from  Buena  Vista. 

ANTELOPE  SPRINGS  ;  stage,  20  miles  from  Wagon  Wheel  Gap. 

PAGOSA  HOT  SPRINGS;  near  old  Fort  Lewis  (the  "big  medicine"  of  the  Utes),  28  miles  northwest  of 

Amargo. 
PONCH A  HOT  SPRINGS  (over  50) ;  southwest  of  Salida  5  miles. 

WELLSVILLE  HOT  SPRINGS  ;  by  stage  down  the  Arkansas  river  6  miles  from  Salida. 
COLD  AND  HOT  SPRINGS  ;  within  suburban  limits  of  Canon  City. 
UNCOMPAHGRE  HOT  SODA  SPRINGS  at  Ouray  ;  stage  from  Silverton  and  Montrose. 
OTAH  SPRINGS  ;  near  Del  Norte,  in  the  San  Luis  valley. 
SULPHUR  SPRINGS  at  La  Veta,  75  miles  south  ofPueblo. 
MAGNETIC  SPRINGS  at  Durango. 
At  RED  CREEK,  about  36  miles  west  of  Pueblo,  distinct  springs  of  soda,  iron,  magnesia,  arsenic,  pure  water 

and  sulphur. 
STEAMBOAT  SPRINGS  ;  70  miles  from  Russell  Station,  by  stage  ;  60  springs,  including  sulphur,  magnesia, 

iron  and  soda,  varying  from  hot  to  cold. 
SULPHUR  SPRINGS,  hot  and  cold,  at  Middle  Park,  by  stage  from  Georgetown,  46  miles. 

^  Hotel  flccoMMOPfliiorts. 


H 


For  the  information  of  tourists  and  intending  visitors  to  Colorado  during  the  Sum- 
mer and  Fall  seasons  of  1890,  we  append  herewith  a  list  of  the  leading  hotels  and 
restaurants  in  some  of  its  principal  cities  and  resorts,  with  the  names,  in  most  instances, 
of  their  proprietors  or  managers  (to  whom  orders  for  rooms  or  inquiries  can  be  ad- 
dressed), the  rates  charged  per  day  or  week,  and  the  nature  of  accommodations  provided. 

DENiZER 


WINDSOR ;  250  rooms ;  rates,  $3.00,  $3.50,  $4.00,  $4.50  per  day.    Bush  &  Morse.  Proprieiorg. 

THE  ALBANY  ;  150  rooms  and  50  baths ;  $3.00,  $3.50  and  $4.00  per  day.    S.  B.  Morgan  &  Co.,  Proprietors. 

ST.  JAMES ;  125  rooms ;  $2..50  to  $3.50  per  day ;  baths  extra.    W.  C.  Furst,  Proprietor. 

AMERICAN  :  125  rooms ;  $2.00,  $2.50  and  $3.00  per  day.    W.  F.  Sperry,  Proprietor. 

HENSHAW'S  EUROPEAN  (cafe  attached);  125  rooms;  75c.  to  $1.50  per  day.     Joe  Henshaw  &  Co., 

Proprietors. 
GIBBS  HOUSE  (cafe  attached);  70  rooms  ;  $1.00.  $1.50,  $2.00  per  day ;  with  board,  $2.00,  $2.50,  $3.00  per  day. 
VICTOR  ;  75  rooms ;  $2.00  to  $3.00  per  day. 
GLENARM ;  150  rooms ;  $2.00,  $2.50,  $3.00  per  day. 
MARKHAM  ;  118  rooms ;  $2.50  to  $3.00  per  day. 

HOTEL  BRUNSWICK  (European  plan);  75  rooms;  75c.  to  $1.50  per  day  without  board, 
UNION ;  82  rooms ;  $1.50  to  $2.00  per  day. 

RESTAURANTS: 
TORTONI,  SPA,  NELSON'S.— Each  short  orders  only.     COOK'S,  meals  25c.,  board  $4.00  to  $5.00  per  week. 


COLORADO  SPRINGS 

THE  ANTLERS ;  125  rooms ;  $4.00  to  $6.00  per  day ;  '!21.00  to  $28.00  per  week.    E.  Barnett,  Proprietoi . 
ALTA  VISTA  (a  famUy  hotel);  50  rooms;  $3.00  per  day;  $14.00  to  $20.00  per  week.     H.  H.  Stevens, 
Proprietor, 


GRAND  VIEW ;  30  rooms ;  $2.00  to  $3.00  per  day ;  $12.50  to  $20.00  per  week.    B.  P.  Feltwell,  Proprietor. 
THE  ALAMO ;  IS")  rooms ;  $3.00  to  $4.00  per  day ;  $12.00  to  $20.00  per  week.    J.  M.  Sellers,  Proprietor. 
SPAULDING  HOUSE ;  90  rooms ;  $1.25  to  $1.50  per  day ;  $5.00  to  $8.00  per  week.     John  Himebaugh, 

Proprietor. 
ELK  HOTEL;  102  rooms ;  $1.50  to  $2.00  per  day  ;  $6.50  to  $9.00  per  week. 
DEPOT  HOTEL  ;  40  rooms ;  $2.00  per  day.    E.  F.  Clark,  Proprietor. 

PUEBLO -• 


ST.  TAMES ;  75  rooms ;  rates  $2.50  to  $3.00  per  day.    F.  S.  Harris  &  Co..  Proprietors. 
GRAND ;  120  rooms ;  rates  $3.00  to  $4.00  per  day  ;  $15.00  per  week.    W.  W.  Palmer,  Proprietor. 
SOUTHERN ;  73  rooms ;  rates  $2.50  to  $3.00  per  day ;  $8.00  per  week.     A.  Purdy,  Proprietor, 
FIFTH  AVENUE  ;  75  rooms ;  $2.50  to  $3.00  per  day ;  $10.00  per  week.     Borland  &  Co.,  Proprietors. 
FARRIS ;  72  rooms ;  $1.00  to  $2.00  per  day ;  $4.50  per  week.    J.  R.  Farris,  Proprietor. 

RESTAURANTS: 
FARGO ;  $5.00  per  week.    TURF  ;  $6.00  per  week.    CANON  ;  $5.00  per  week  ;  for  table  board  eacii. 


MKNIT0U  SPRINGS 

THE  MANSIONS  can  take  care  of  300  guests;  $3.00  to  $4.00  per  day;  $21.00  per  week.— MANITOU  HOUSE; 

capacity  250  people  (same  rates  as  The  Mansions);  A.  W.  Bailey.  Proprietor  of  both  hotels. 
CLIFF  HOUSE;  capacity  275;  rates  $3.00  to  $4.00  per  day,  and  $17.50  to  $25.00  per  week.    E.  E.  Nichols,  Jr., 

Manager. 
BARKER  HOTEL  (the  only  passenger  elevator  in  Manitou) ;  capacity  300;  rates  $3.00  to  $4.00  per  day ; 

$17.50  to  $25.00  per  week.    C.  W.  Barker,  Proprietor. 
HOTEL  RUXTON  (near  Pike's  Peak  Railway  Station);  capacity  150  guests;  rates  $2.50  to  $3.00  per  day ; 

$12..50  to  $20.00  per  week.    T.  A.  Hood,  Proprietor. 
SUNNY-SIDE  HOUSE;  60  rooms  (baths  in  every  room);  $2..50  to  $3.00  per  day  ;  $15.00  to  $18.00  per  week. 

W.  H.  Rogers,  Proprietor. 
IRON  SPRINGS  HOTEL  accommodates  100  to  125  persons;  rates  $3.00  to  $4.00  per  day.    H.  T.  Blake, 

Proprietor. 

MHNITOU  PHRK 


MANITOU  PARK  HOTEL,  seven  miles  from  Woodland  Park  Station.  Trains  met  by  a  four-in-hand,  old- 
fashioned  coach.  Can  accommodate  125  people  ;  rates  per  day  $3.00 ;  per  week,  $17.50  to  $20.00.  A  good 
livery,  and  a  plentiful  supply  of  trout  on  hand.  A  large  dairy  of  Jersey  cows  furnish  fresh  cream  and 
butter  for  the  table.    H.'G.  Thornton,  Proprietor. 

CKSCKDE 


THE  RAMONA  (cost  of  building  and  furnishing  $75,000):  a  new  hotel  of  100  rooms;   rates  $3.00  to  $4.C0 

per  day. 
CASCADE  HOUSE  :  40  rooms :  terms  3.00  per  day. 
EASTHOLM  ;  Mrs  Hewlett's  Cottage  ;  rates  $15.00  per  week ;  17  rooms. 
RAILWAY  DINING  ROOM;  table  board  only  ;  75c.  per  meal ;  $8.00  per  week. 
GAYNOR'S  HALF-WAY  HOUSE  ;  on  Pike's  Peak  carriage  road  ;  accommodates  30  at  $3.00  per  day  rates. 

Lunches  and  dinners  served  to  parties  ascending  the  peak. 


GREEN  MOUNTAIN  FHLLS- 


THE  GREEN  MOUNTAIN  FALLS  HOTEL  has  65  rooms ;  rates  $2.50  to  $3.50  per  day,  and  $17.50  per 
week ;  table  board  $10.00  per  week.  I.  J.  Woodworth,  Manager.  Also  25  cottages  and  200  tents  at  low 
rents  by  the  "  Green  Mountain  Falls  Town  and  Improvement  Co." 

BUENH  UlSTK 


J.  H.  Pullen,  manager  of  Buena  Vista  Improvement  Company,  writes  April  19.  1890 :  "  We  hope  to  open  our 
hotel  at  Buena  Vista  the  first  of  June.  It  has  40  rooms,  and  rates  will  be  $3.00  to  $4.00  per  day.  Special 
rates  not  yet  decided  on." 

GLOBE  HOTEL ;  accommodations  for  35 ;  rates  $2.00  per  day. 

COTTONWOOD  SPRINGS  HOTEL,  at  Cottonwood  Springs.  5  miles  from  town ;  will  accommodate  75 ; 
rates  $2.00  per  day,  or  $10.00  to  $15.n0  per  week,  including  baths. 


GLENMOOD  SPRINGS 


HOTEL  GLENWOOD  (European  plan)  100  rooms;  rates  $3.00  to  $4.00  per  day.    Gilder  &  Enzensperger, 

Proprietors.  « 

HOTEL  BARLOW  (of  brick)  on  the  American  plan  ;  50  rooms  ;  rates  $2.00  per  day ;  single  meals  50  cents. 

F,  A.  Barlow,  Proprietor. 
AMERICAN   HOUSE,  with  accommodations  for  25 ;   BLOWER    HOUSE,  for  20;   BARLOW   HOUSE, 

for  10;  and  TABER  BOARDING  HOUSE,  each  $1..50  per  day. 
KENDRICK  COTTAGES ;  with  or  without  board.     Rooms  furnished  or  plain  by  the  day,  week  or  month, 

at  reasonable  rates.    Thos.  Kendrick,  Proprietor. 

IDHHO  SPRINGS 


THE  COLORADO  HOTEL  can  take  care  of  about  150  people ;  rates  $2..50  to  $3.00  per  day, 
CLEAR  CREEK  HOUSE ;  Mrs.  Anna  B.  Moore,  Proprietress. 
gy  FF  HOUSE-;  Mrs.  Mary  Zeilor,  Proprietress, 


^^m^f. 


m^ 


the:   climax    reiacheid   by  the: 

Ghloaoo.  ROGK  island  &  PaolllG  Railway 

ON    TOURIST    OAR     BUSINESS    DURING    1891 


TOURIST    OAR     LEIAVEIS    OHIOAGO     - 

EIVEIRV    WEIDNEISDAV    B.OO    P.   M 

ARRIVES    AT    SAN     FRANOISOO  ■■>■     ■*■      '      +      ^ 

EIVEIRY    MONDAV     -      -     B.OO    A.  M 


RETURNING,  OAR  LEAVES  SAN  FRANOISOO 

EIVEIRV    NA/EIDNEISDAV    T.30    A.   M 

ARRIVES    AT    OHIO  AGO      ' 

EIVEIRV    MONDAV     -      -      B.SO    A.  M 


Write  or  wire  JOHN  SEBASTIAN.  Gen'l  Ticket  and  Pass'r  Agent.  C.  R.  I.  &  P.  Ry. 

Clnicago.  111.,  and  he  will  have  traveling  agent  in  your  district 

arrange  for  your  accommodation  in  this  car. 


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